Table 1.
The baseline characteristics of enrolled women
| Baseline characteristic | All (n = 511) | DP (n = 172) | ASMQ (n = 169) | AL+ (n = 170) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EGA at first ANC (week)^ | 15 [10–22] | 15 [10–20] | 15 [9–23.5] | 15 [10–22.5] |
| EGA malaria (week)^ | 26 [19–33] | 25 [19–32] | 27 [19–34] | 26 [19–32] |
| Trimester | ||||
| 1st | 46 (9.0%) | 13 (7.6%) | 15 (8.9%) | 18 (10.6%) |
| 2nd | 236 (46.2%) | 84 (48.8%) | 74 (43.8%) | 78 (45.9%) |
| 3rd | 229 (44.8%) | 75 (43.6%) | 80 (47.3%) | 74 (43.5%) |
| Age (years) | 25.7 (6.8) | 25.7 (6.8) | 26.3 (6.7) | 25.1 (7.0) |
| Gravidity | ||||
| 1 | 171 (33.5%) | 60 (34.9%) | 46 (27.2%) | 65 (38.2%) |
| 2 | 98 (19.2%) | 30 (17.4%) | 35 (20.7%) | 33 (19.4%) |
| ≥3 | 242 (47.4%) | 82 (47.7%) | 88 (52.1%) | 72 (42.4%) |
| Parity | ||||
| 0 | 204 (39.9%) | 71 (41.3%) | 57 (33.7%) | 76 (44.7%) |
| 1 | 97 (19.0%) | 36 (20.9%) | 32 (18.9%) | 29 (17.1%) |
| ≥2 | 210 (41.1%) | 65 (37.8%) | 80 (47.3%) | 65 (38.2%) |
| Smoking | 101 (19.8%) | 32 (18.6%) | 34 (20.1%) | 35 (20.6%) |
| Height (cm) | 151.0 (5.4) | 151.2 (5.3) | 151.1 (5.5) | 150.8 (5.5) |
| Weight (kg) | 51.7 (7.6) | 52.4 (8.3) | 52.0 (7.4) | 50.8 (7.0) |
| Fever (temperature ≥ 37.5) | 146 (28.6%) | 45 (26.2%) | 48 (28.4%) | 53 (31.2%) |
| Fever (including history of fever) | 340 (66.5%) | 115 (66.9%) | 113 (66.9%) | 112 (65.9%) |
| Haematocrit (%) | 32.1 (4.0) | 32.1 (4.1) | 32.3 (4.1) | 32.0 (3.9) |
| Anaemia | ||||
| No anaemia | 406 (79.5%) | 138 (80.2%) | 135 (79.9%) | 133 (78.2%) |
| Moderate anaemia | 105 (20.5%) | 34 (19.8%) | 34 (20.1%) | 37 (21.8%) |
| Severe anaemia | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| First recorded malaria in pregnancy | 277 (78.5%) | 89 (73.6%) | 94 (83.9%) | 94 (78.3%) |
| Species | ||||
| Pf mono-infection | 142 (27.8%) | 46 (26.7%) | 52 (30.8%) | 44 (25.9%) |
| Pv mono-infection | 353 (69.1%) | 121 (70.3%) | 112 (66.3%) | 120 (70.6%) |
| Pf and Pv coinfection | 15 (2.9%) | 4 (2.3%) | 5 (3.0%) | 6 (3.5%) |
| Pm mono-infection | 1 (0.2%) | 1 (0.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Pf parasitaemia (/uL)* | 5689 (16–207994) | 4561 (16–207994) | 5805 (16–124595) | 6936 (96–120199) |
| Pv parasitaemia (/uL)* | 658 (16–83524) | 674 (16–83524) | 651 (16–29893) | 648 (16–40694) |
| Presence of Pf gametocytes | 24 (4.7%) | 12 (7.0%) | 6 (3.6%) | 6 (3.5%) |
| Presence of Pv gametocytes | 233 (45.6%) | 81 (47.1%) | 66 (39.1%) | 86 (50.6%) |
AL+ artemether-lumefantrine extended regimen, ANC antenatal care, ASMQ artesunate-mefloquine, BMI body mass index, DP dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, EGA estimated gestational age, Pf Plasmodium falciparum, Pm Plasmodium malariae, Pv Plasmodium vivax, SD standard deviation. Data are presented as mean (standard deviation), number (%), ^median [interquartile range] or *geometric mean (range)
Anaemia was defined as a haematocrit of 20-29% (moderate) or less than 20% (severe)