TABLE 1.

Subjects characteristic, lipid profile, and insulin level before (V1) and after (V3) training and supplementation (Date present as mean ± S.E.)

		PL ‐M (n = 8)	PL‐F(n = 10)	PL‐total (n = 18)	AX‐M (n = 9)	AX‐F(n = 13)	AX‐total (n = 22)
Age(yrs)		74.2 ± 1.6	70.4 ± 1.6	72.1 ± 1.3	69.2 ± 1.0	68.7 ± 0.6	69.2 ± 0.7
BW(lbs)	V1	169.1 ± 12.9	142.1 ± 5.3	154.1 ± 7.0	184.2 ± 5.0	145.4 ± 7.4	161.2 ± 6.3
	V3	166.5 ± 12.7 b	140.7 ± 5.2	152.2 ± 6.9	185.8 ± 5.1	144.0 ± 7.1	161.1 ± 6.4
	% Change	1.5 ± 0.7	−0.9 ± 0.9	−1.2 ± 0.5	0.9 ± 0.6	−0.8 ± 0.6	−0.2 ± 0.5
Total Cholesterol (mg/dl)	V1	192.1 ± 10.9	234.3 ± 11.8	215.5 ± 9.4	211.1 ± 7.6	228.4 ± 12.7	221.3 ± 8.2
	V3	194.0 ± 9.6	229.6 ± 13.4	213.8 ± 9.4	210.2 ± 5.6	223.8 ± 13.5	218.3 ± 8.3
	% Change	1.4 ± 2.5	−2.3 ± 1.8	−0.67 ± 1.53	0.07 ± 2.32	−2.15 ± 2.62	−1.24 ± 1.79
HDL(mg/dl)	V1	66.1 ± 8.5	82.9 ± 8.5	75.4 ± 4.7	70.0 ± 4.6	70.3 ± 6.7	70.2 ± 4.3
	V3	67.3 ± 7.4	82.8 ± 5.2	75.9 ± 4.6	66.7 ± 4.8	66.3 ± 5.9	66.5 ± 8.9
	% Change	3.6 ± 3.5	−0.5 ± 2.3	1.32 ± 1.99	−4.3 ± 4.3	−4.2 ± 3.4	−4.24 ± 2.60
LDL (mg/dl)	V1	104.1 ± 5.1	134.5 ± 5.1	95.4 ± 9.4	123.3 ± 6.1	133.8 ± 11.5	96.7 ± 7.1
	V3	106.6 ± 6.0	131.2 ± 10.5	88.0 ± 8.1	123.2 ± 3.6	134.7 ± 10.4	107.5 ± 9.2
	% Change	2.8 ± 4.2	−3.0 ± 2.0	−5.5 ± 4.20	1.1 ± 3.9	2.0 ± 4.3	14.0 ± 6.0
Tri (mg/dl)	V1	109.0 ± 17.6	84.6 ± 8.8	121.0 ± 6.8	89.4 ± 8.1	102.2 ± 11.0 a	129.5 ± 7.2
	V3	100.9 ± 13.9	77.7 ± 8.7	120.3 ± 6.9	101.2 ± 8.9	112.2 ± 14.9 a	130.0 ± 6.3
	% Change	−4.1 ± 6.3	−6.6 ± 5.9	−0.40 ± 2.2	14.7 ± 7.2	13.5 ± 9.3	1.6 ± 2.95 d
Insulin (µIU/ml)	V1	6.7 ± 1.4	3.7 ± 0.6	5.0 ± 0.8	6.0 ± 0.9	6.1 ± 0.8	5.7 ± 0.5
	V3	4.5 ± 1.0 b	3.8 ± 0.5	4.1 ± 0.5	4.9 ± 0.8	4.7 ± 0.5 c	4.7 ± 0.4
	% Change	−30.2 ± 7.2	15.2 ± 15.1	−5.0 ± 10.3	−13.2 ± 13.7	−17.9 ± 8.9	−16.0 ± 7.5

^aone female outlier following a high fat diet was excluded from triglyceride analysis.

^b p < 0.05 V3 compared to V1.

^c p = 0.05 V3 compared to V1.

^d p < 0.05 AX compared to PL.