Table 4.
Odds of perceived risks of the use of major tobacco/nicotine product to the general health (N=2097)
| Variable | Cigarettes OR (95% CI) | Cigars OR (95% CI) | E-cigarettes OR (95% CI) | Hookah OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | Male (Ref.) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Female | 1.18 (0.95–1.47) | 1.16 (0.95–1.42) | 1.31 (1.1–1.58)** | 0.94 (0.79–1.12) | |
| Age (years) | 18–34 (Ref.) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 35–59 | 1.28 (1.02–1.62) | 1.14 (0.92–1.4) | 1.13 (0.93–1.36) | 1.06 (0.88–1.27) | |
| ≥60 | 1.05 (0.6–1.82) | 0.89 (0.55–1.45) | 0.77 (0.49–1.21) | 0.8 (0.51–1.24) | |
| Race/ethnicity | White (Ref.) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Black | 0.72 (0.5–1.04) | 0.78 (0.56–1.09) | 1.04 (0.76–1.43) | 0.84 (0.62–1.14) | |
| Asian | 0.87 (0.58–1.31) | 0.86 (0.59–1.24) | 1.07 (0.76–1.51) | 0.99 (0.71–1.38) | |
| Hispanic | 0.51 (0.38–0.68)** | 0.62 (0.48–0.82) | 0.79 (0.61–1.03) | 0.82 (0.64–1.06) | |
| Other | 0.87 (0.43–1.78) | 0.74 (0.4–1.37) | 0.61 (0.34–1.07) | 0.84 (0.48–1.49) | |
| Educational level | 0.87 (0.73–1.04) | 0.81 (0.69–0.94)** | 0.94 (0.82–1.08) | 1.01 (0.88–1.15) | |
| Household income | 1.09 (1.0–1.19) | 1.17 (1.08–1.26)** | 1.11 (1.03–1.19)** | 1.11 (1.03–1.19)** | |
| COVID-19 infection for self and family | No (Ref.) Yes | 1 1.11 (0.74–1.66) | 1 1.00 (0.69–1.45) | 1 1.28 (0.9–1.82) | 1 1.1 (0.78–1.54) |
| COVID-19 death among social network | No (Ref.) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 0.65 (0.5–0.85)** | 0.73 (0.57–0.93)* | 0.74 (0.59–0.94)* | 0.92 (0.73–1.16) | |
| Urbanization level | Urban (Ref.) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Suburban | 0.99 (0.72–1.37) | 0.95 (0.71–1.26) | 0.86 (0.66–1.12) | 0.99 (0.76–1.27) | |
| Rural | 0.82 (0.5–1.34) | 0.78 (0.5–1.23) | 1.02 (0.66–1.58) | 1.02 (0.67–1.55) | |
| Use of this product in 2019 | No (Ref.) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 0.93 (0.74–1.18) | 0.97 (0.77–1.23) | 0.76 (0.63–0.91)** | 0.88 (0.69–1.12) |
*
p<0.05.
**
p<0.01. Ref.: reference.