TABLE 2.
Baseline characteristics and comparative analysis of liver transplant recipients with HIV+/HCV+ coinfection in the United States in the pre-DAA era (2008–2012)
| Pre-DAA (2008–2012) (N = 24 238) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV+/HCV+a (n =68) | HIV+/HCV− (n = 49) | HIV−/HCV+ (n = 10 451) | HIV−/HCV− (n = 13 670) | |
| Donor | ||||
| Age (y) | 40.5 (24.5–51.5) | 45.0 (31.0–53.0) | 42.0 (27.0–52.0) | 43.0 (27.0–56.0) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.7 (22.2–30.9) | 25.9 (24.2–30.0) | 26.4 (23.2–30.5) | 26.3 (23.1–30.3) |
| Male gender | 40 (58.8) | 23 (46.9) | 6248 (59.8) | 7987 (58.4) |
| Caucasian race | 38 (55.9) | 26 (53.1) | 6871 (65.7) | 9084 (66.5) |
| Diabetes | 8 (11.8) | 4 (8.2) | 1116 (10.7) | 1558 (11.4) |
| DCD | 4 (5.9) | 0 (0) | 570 (5.5) | 624 (4.6) |
| Cold ischemic time (h) | 6.0 (5.1–7.3) | 7.2 (5.0–8.6)* | 6.0 (4.7, 8.0) | 6.1 (4.7–8.0) |
| DRIb | 1.71 (1.57–1.91) | 1.80 (1.59–2.01) | 1.71 (1.53–1.98) | 1.75 (1.55–2.10) |
| Recipient | ||||
| Age (y) | 54.0 (49.5–57.0) | 51.0 (46.0–57.0) | 56.0 (52.0–60.0)*** | 56.0 (48.0–62.0)* |
| Male gender | 52 (76.5) | 41 (83.7) | 7790 (74.5) | 8333 (61.0)** |
| Caucasian race | 42 (61.8) | 33 (67.3) | 7166 (68.6) | 10 004 (73.2)* |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.6 (23.4–30.0) | 24.1 (23.2–26.5) | 27.9 (24.7–31.7)** | 27.6 (24.1–32.3)* |
| Posttransplant LOS (d) | 9.0 (7.0–13.0) | 11.0 (7.0–16.5) | 9.0 (7.0–16.0) | 10.0 (7.0–17.0) |
| Waiting list time (d) | 99.0 (37.5–256.5) | 70.0 (7.0–274.0) | 110.0 (29.0, 298.0) | 69.0 (13.0–235.0) |
| Diabetes | 12 (17.7) | 11 (22.4) | 2361 (22.6) | 3733 (27.3) |
| MELD score | 18.0 (12.0–24.0) | 24.0 (13.0–34.0)* | 18.0 (12.0–26.0) | 22.0 (15.0–30.0)** |
| Life support requirement | 1 (1.5) | 5 (10.2)* | 488 (4.7) | 1159 (8.5)* |
| ICU | 4 (5.9) | 7 (14.3) | 811 (7.8) | 1895 (13.9) |
| Dialysis requirement | 2 (2.9) | 6 (12.2)* | 981 (9.4) | 1772 (13.0)* |
| Ascites (mild or worse) | 51 (75.0) | 30 (61.2) | 7804 (74.7) | 10 473 (76.6) |
| Hepatic encephalopathy (grade 1 or worse) | 40 (58.8) | 27 (55.1) | 6306 (60.3) | 8778 (64.2) |
| PVT | 6 (8.8) | 8 (16.3) | 979 (9.4) | 4014 (13.8) |
| HCC | 29 (42.6) | 18 (36.7) | 4811 (46.0) | 2697 (19.7)*** |
aHIV+/HCV+ group in pre-DAA era are compared with all other groups through pairwise comparisons of P value from chi-squared test for categorical variables and 2-sample Wilcoxon rank test for continuous variables (all continuous variables failed the Shapiro–Wilk normality test). All data were completely apart from the following missing data: donor variables = DCD, n = 783; diabetes, n = 890; cold ischemic time, n = 362; BMI, n = 50. Recipient variables = diabetes, n = 262; BMI, n = 8; length of stay, n = 323; days on waitlist, n = 5; portal vein thrombosis, n = 147; hepatic encephalopathy, n = 5; dialysis, n = 47; ascites, n = 5. Missing values of continuous variables were ignored, while those of categorical variables were assumed to be negative.
bCalculated by the DRI formula provided by Feng et al.24
Values are n (%) or median (interquartile range).
Significance codes: ***P < 0.001; **0.001 < P ≤ 0.01; *0.01 < P ≤ 0.05 (all other P > 0.05).
BMI, body mass index; DAA, direct-acting antiviral; DCD, donation after circulatory death; DRI, donor risk index; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HCV, hepatitis C virus; ICU, intensive care unit; LOS, length of stay; MELD, Model For End-Stage Liver Disease; NAT, nucleic acid test; PVT, portal vein thrombosis.