Table 2.

Proposed ASMs methods to control the propagation of epileptic activity.

ASM	Inhibiting excitatory synaptic transmission	Selectively inhibiting regions important for propagation of epileptic activity
Valporic acid (50)	+	-
Levetiracetam (70, 73, 103, 105–108)	+	+
Perampanel (61, 81, 82, 129)	+	-
Topiramate (120, 121, 123–125)	+	-
Zonisamide (86, 87, 89, 90, 130, 131)	+	+
Lamotrigine (50, 63, 64, 100–102)	+	+
Cannabidiol (54, 92–94)	-	+
Barbiturates and benzodiazepines	Unknown	Unknown