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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Healthc Mater. 2021 Apr 19;10(11):e2001986. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202001986

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

A. Schematic illustration and SEM images of 3D printed Haversian bone–mimicking scaffolds with Ca2MgSi2O7 bioceramic, 45S5 bioactive glass and photosensitive resin. Thsese scaffolds were integrated with Haversian canals, Volkmann canals and cancellous bone structures. hBMSCs were seeded in cancellous bone mimic structures and HUVECs were seeded on Haversian canals. B-F. Optical microscope images of 3D printed Haversian bone–mimicking scaffolds with various diameters and numbers of Haversian canals (red arrows). Scale bars: 1 mm. a-e. Micro-CT images exhibited the connection between Volkmann canals (blue arrows) and Haversian canals in the interior of scaffolds. Scale bars, 1 mm. G-J. SEM images displayed the surface microstructure of the scaffolds. Scale bar: 400 μm. K. Well-sintered surface of 3D printed Haversian bone–mimicking scaffolds. Scale bar: 6 μm. Reproduced with permission.[74] Copyright 2020, AAAS.