Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the participants, according to the volume of leisure-time physical activity.
| Leisure-time physical activity (MET-h/week) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inactive (0 MET-h/week) | Low (> 0 to < 7.5 MET-h/week) | Moderate (7.5 to < 16.5 MET-h/week) | High (≥ 16.5 MET-h/week) | |
| Participants | n = 11,170 | n = 2896 | n = 1901 | n = 1364 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 9826 (88.0) | 2669 (92.2) | 1763 (92.7) | 1286 (94.3) |
| Age, years | 42.7 ± 9.8 | 42.2 ± 10.0 | 43.1 ± 10.3 | 43.6 ± 10.9 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 89.1 ± 16.1 | 87.3 ± 15.1 | 85.9 ± 15.1 | 85.8 ± 14.9 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.4 ± 3.5 | 23.6 ± 3.4 | 23.8 ± 3.2 | 23.6 ± 3.1 |
| Smoking status, n (%) | ||||
| Never | 3793 (34.0) | 998 (34.5) | 648 (34.1) | 509 (37.3) |
| Former | 1918 (17.2) | 593 (20.5) | 458 (24.1) | 316 (23.2) |
| Current | 5407 (48.4) | 1298 (44.8) | 791 (41.6) | 537 (39.4) |
| Alcohol intake, n (%) | ||||
| None | 3682 (33.0) | 774 (26.7) | 504 (26.5) | 353 (25.9) |
| > 0 to < 2 go/day | 5099 (45.6) | 1513 (52.2) | 955 (50.2) | 673 (49.3) |
| ≥ 2 go/day | 2389 (21.4) | 609 (21.0) | 442 (23.3) | 338 (24.8) |
| Occupation | ||||
| Engineering | 3884 (34.8) | 1011 (34.9) | 666 (35.0) | 444 (32.6) |
| Production | 3473 (31.1) | 918 (31.7) | 550 (28.9) | 421 (30.9) |
| Office and administration | 1754 (15.7) | 542 (18.7) | 408 (21.5) | 293 (21.5) |
| Other | 1645 (14.7) | 371 (12.8) | 244 (12.8) | 178 (13.0) |
| High job position, n (%) | 1788 (16.0) | 536 (18.5) | 418 (22.0) | 257 (18.8) |
| Long overtime work (≥ 45 h/month) | 4000 (35.8) | 1033 (35.7) | 647 (34.0) | 410 (30.1) |
| Shift work, n (%) | 2929 (26.2) | 723 (25.0) | 426 (22.4) | 328 (24.0) |
| Commuting mode, n (%) | ||||
| Walking | 1578 (14.1) | 392 (13.5) | 257 (13.5) | 191 (14.0) |
| Cycling | 655 (5.9) | 175 (6.0) | 126 (6.6) | 94 (6.9) |
| Bus/train (public transportation) | 2439 (21.8) | 596 (20.6) | 359 (18.9) | 234 (17.2) |
| Car/motorbike | 6490 (58.1) | 1731 (59.8) | 1159 (61.0) | 844 (61.9) |
| Sleep duration of < 6 h/day, n (%) | 5708 (51.1) | 1361 (47.0) | 910 (47.9) | 620 (45.5) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 1489 (13.3) | 364 (12.6) | 255 (13.4) | 186 (13.6) |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 802 (7.2) | 242 (8.4) | 173 (9.1) | 123 (9.0) |
| History of CVD, n (%) | 65 (0.6) | 16 (0.6) | 16 (0.8) | 9 (0.7) |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 5111 (45.8) | 1274 (44.0) | 837 (44.0) | 522 (38.3) |
| Hyperuricemia, n (%) | 2218 (19.9) | 596 (20.6) | 388 (20.4) | 262 (19.2) |
| Occupational physical activity, n (%) | ||||
| Sedentary | 5867 (52.5) | 1604 (55.4) | 1130 (59.4) | 726 (53.2) |
| Standing or walking | 4095 (36.7) | 989 (34.2) | 594 (31.2) | 472 (34.6) |
| Fairly active | 1208 (10.8) | 303 (10.5) | 177 (9.3) | 166 (12.2) |
| Commuting physical activity, n (%) | ||||
| 0 to < 20 min | 5979 (53.5) | 1547 (53.4) | 1070 (56.3) | 786 (57.6) |
| 20 to < 40 min | 3557 (31.8) | 912 (31.5) | 543 (28.6) | 405 (29.7) |
| ≥ 40 min | 1634 (14.6) | 437 (15.1) | 288 (15.1) | 173 (12.7) |
Data are shown as the mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables and as a number (percentages) for categorical variables. The proportion of missing data for each covariate was as follows: smoking status (0.4%), occupation (3.1%), job position (3.3%), monthly overtime work (3.6%), shiftwork (2.9%), primary commuting mode (0.1%), sleep duration (0.2%), diabetes (0.2%), dyslipidemia (0.02%), and hyperuricemia (0.04%).
BMI body mass index, CVD cardiovascular disease, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate.