Table 1.
Characteristics of the participants at baseline.
| Characteristics | Control | Intervention | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 23,175 | 25,702 | |
| Boys (%) | 50.7 | 50.4 | 0.553 |
| Age (years) | 10.9 (3.2) | 11.3 (3.3) | <0.001 |
| Socio-demographics, n (%) | |||
| Only child | 15,140 (65.3) | 16,984 (66.1) | 0.081 |
| Paternal educational level | |||
| Father senior high school or above | 12,200 (53.7) | 14,881 (59.5) | <0.001 |
| Mather senior high school or above | 11,247 (49.6) | 13,902 (55.6) | <0.001 |
| Father occupation | <0.001 | ||
| Commerce and services | 6,055 (26.1) | 6,985 (27.2) | |
| Professional and technical | 6,668 (28.8) | 7,073 (27.5) | |
| Administrator and clerk | 2,191 (9.5) | 2,986 (11.6) | |
| Other | 8,261 (35.6) | 8,658 (33.7) | |
| Maternal occupation | <0.001 | ||
| Commerce and services | 6,699 (28.9) | 7,616 (29.6) | |
| Professional and technical | 4,229 (18.2) | 4,610 (17.9) | |
| Administrator and clerk | 1,214 (5.2) | 1,819 (7.1) | |
| Other | 11,033 (47.6) | 11,657 (45.4) | |
| Monthly household income (RMB) | <0.001 | ||
| <2,000 | 2,136 (9.2) | 2,062 (8.0) | |
| 2,000–5,000 | 5,846 (25.2) | 6,219 (24.2) | |
| 5,000–8,000 | 4,021 (17.4) | 4,310 (16.8) | |
| More than 8,000 or refused to answer | 11,172 (48.2) | 13,111 (51.0) | |
| Anthropometry and prevalence, n (%)/mean (SD) | |||
| Height, mean (SD) (cm) | 143.8 (16.6) | 145.9 (17.0) | <0.001 |
| weight, mean (SD) (kg) | 39.6 (15.3) | 40.9 (15.4) | <0.001 |
| BMI, mean (SD) (kg/m2) | 18.4 (3.8) | 18.5 (3.7) | 0.002 |
| HC, mean (SD) (cm) | 75.8 (11.9) | 77.1 (12.0) | <0.001 |
| WC, mean (SD) (cm) | 64.2 (10.7) | 64.8 (10.8) | <0.001 |
| Overweight and obesity, n (%) | 4,966 (21.4) | 5,377 (20.9) | 0.170 |
| SBP, mean (SD) (mmHg) | 105.1 (11.6) | 105.3 (11.8) | 0.070 |
| DBP, mean (SD) (mmHg) | 66.9 (8.3) | 66.9 (8.5) | 0.762 |
| SHBP, n (%) | 1,475 (6.4) | 1,449 (5.7) | 0.001 |
| DHBP, n (%) | 1,273 (5.5) | 1,329 (5.2) | 0.116 |
| HBP, n (%) | 2,181 (9.4) | 2,203 (8.6) | 0.001 |
BMI, body mass index; HC, hip circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; WC, waist circumference; SHBP, systolic high blood pressure; DHBP, diastolic high blood pressure; HBP, high blood pressure.