Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies.
| References | Design | Country/Region | Patients characteristics | Sample (female %) | Age (years) (mean) | Follow-up duration (years) | Events for analysis | Risk factors adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| van Steen et al. (21) | Post-hoc analysis of RCT | Multiple countries | T2DM with acute coronary syndrome | 6,458 (26.9) | 60.6 | 2.0 | All-cause mortality Composite CVD Cardiovascular mortality |
Age, sex, race, SBP, DBP, BMI, hemoglobin, eGFR, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, duration of T2DM, use of antihyperglycaemic agents, history of retinopathy and smoking Additional adjustment for HbA1c level |
| Jin et al. (17) | Nested case-control study | China | T2DM with stable CAD | 1,282 (30) | 60.0 | 3.0 | Composite CVD | Age, sex, BMI, hypertension, family history of CAD, smoke, HDL-C, non-HDL-C, Creatinine, uric acid, hs-CRP, Gensini score |
| Kim et al. (18) | Prospective cohort study | Korea | T2DM without CVD | 1,302 (58.1) | 55.5 | 11.1 | Composite CVD CAD Stroke |
Age, sex, BMI, duration of T2DM, presence of hypertension, eGFR, treatment and use of Sulfonylurea. Additional adjustment for HbA1c level |
| van Steen et al. (20) | Post-hoc analysis of RCT | Multiple countries | T2DM with a history, or a risk factor for CVD | 11,083 (42.4) | 65.8 | 5.0 | All-cause mortality Composite CVD |
Age, sex, race, BMI, duration of T2DM, history of macro- and microvascular events, current drinking and smoking, use of glucose-lowering drugs, use of BP-lowering drugs, SBP, DBP, hemoglobin, eGFR, LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG Additional adjustment for HbA1c level |
| Ostergaard et al. (19) | Prospective cohort study | Netherlands | T2DM | 1,910 (30) | 60.0 | 9.6 | All-cause mortality Composite CVD Cardiovascular mortality Myocardial infarction Stroke |
Age, sex, BMI, insulin use, duration of T2DM, non-HDL-C, eGFR, SBP Additional adjustment for HbA1c level |
BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, Glycated hemoglobin; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; RCT, randomized controlled trial; SBP, systolic blood pressure; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides.