Table 2.
Level of depression, anxiety, insomnia and distress among healthcare providers in total cohort and subgroups.
| Profession | Sex | Working position | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Severity category | Total score, Median, (IQR)/No. of total cases (%) | Nurse | Physician | Others | P-value | Male | Female | P-value | Frontline | Second-line | P-value |
| PHQ-9, depression symptoms | 9 (4–13) | ||||||||||
| None-minimal (0–4) | 53 (26.5) | 38 (25.9) | 5 (21.7) | 10 (33.3) | 0.043 | 20 (25) | 33 (27.5) | 0.028 | 24 (20.9) | 29 (34.1) | 0.250 |
| Mild (5–9) | 52 (26) | 38 (25.9) | 7 (30.4) | 7 (23.3) | 20 (25) | 32 (26.7) | 33 (28.7) | 19 (22.4) | |||
| Moderate (10–14) | 57 (28.5) | 42 (28.6) | 3 (13) | 12 (40) | 28 (35) | 29 (24.2) | 37 (32.2) | 20 (23.5) | |||
| Severe (15–21) | 38 (19) | 29 (19.7) | 8 (34.7) | 1 (3.3) | 12 (15) | 26 (21.7) | 21 (18.3) | 17 (20) | |||
| GAD-7 anxiety | 10 (3–13) | ||||||||||
| Normal | 62 (31) | 50 (34) | 3 (13) | 9 (30) | 0.209 | 23 (28.7) | 39 (32.5) | 0.038 | 31 (27) | 31 (36.5) | 0.182 |
| Mild | 71 (35.5) | 47 (32) | 10 (43.5) | 14 (46.7) | 30 (37.5) | 41 (34.2) | 43 (37.4) | 28 (32.9) | |||
| Moderate | 37 (18.5) | 30 (20.4) | 4 (17.4) | 3 (10) | 18 (22.5) | 19 (15.8) | 26 (22.6) | 11 (12.9) | |||
| Severe | 30 (15) | 20 (13.6) | 6 (26.1) | 4 (13) | 9 (11.3) | 21 (17.5) | 15 (13) | 15 (17.6) | |||
| Insomnia symptoms | 8 (5–13) | ||||||||||
| Absence | 75 (37.5) | 53 (36.1) | 6 (26.1) | 16 (53.3) | 0.240 | 26 (32.5) | 49 (40.8) | 0.211 | 40 (34.8) | 35 (41.2) | 0.626 |
| Subthreshold | 86 (43) | 67 (45.6) | 9 (39.1) | 10 (33.3) | 36 (45) | 50 (41.7) | 52 (45.2) | 34 (40) | |||
| Moderate | 36 (18) | 25 (17) | 7 (30.4) | 4 (13.3) | 18 (22.5) | 18 (15) | 22 (19.1) | 14 (16.5) | |||
| Severe | 3 (1.5) | 2 (1.4) | 1 (4.3) | 0 | 0 | 3 (2.5) | 1 (0.9) | 2 (2.4) | |||
| IES-R, distress symptoms | 31 (13–44) | ||||||||||
| Normal | 34 (17) | 23 (15.6) | 3 (13) | 8 (26.7) | 0.012 | 14 (17.5) | 20 (16.7) | 0.558 | 19 (16.5) | 15 (17.6) | 0.712 |
| Mild | 70 (35) | 53 (36.1) | 6 (26.1) | 11 (36.7) | 25 (31.3) | 45 (37.5) | 38 (33.0) | 32 (37.6) | |||
| Moderate | 43 (21.5) | 30 (20.4) | 6 (26.1) | 7 (23.3) | 21 (26.3) | 22 (18.3) | 28 (24.3) | 15 (17.6) | |||
| Severe | 53 (26.5) | 41 (27.9) | 8 (34.8) | 4 (13.3) | 20 (25) | 33 (27.5) | 30 (26.1) | 23 (27.1) | |||
GAD-7, 7-item generalized anxiety disorder; IES-R, 22-item impact of event scale–revised; ISI, 7-item insomnia severity index; PHQ-9, 9-item patient health questionnaire. P-value significant at P < 0.05. Bold values are considered significant (P-value significant at P < 0.05).