Fig. 3.

Variation in biomarker levels across the health-related quality of life trajectory groups. Variation in the levels of organ/system biomarkers across Physical Component Summary score trajectory groups (A and B) and Mental Component Summary score trajectory groups (C and D) are shown. The biomarker levels (x-axis) are standardized. A value of 1 indicates that biomarker levels in participants of the trajectory group (group 1 [poor physical health] in A; group 3 [declining physical health] in B; group 1 [poor mental health] in C; group 3 [declining mental health] in D) were, on average, 1 standard deviation higher than the mean level across all participants in that trajectory group and the reference group (group 2 [good physical health] in A and B; group 2 [good mental health] in C and D). We ranked the biomarkers (y-axis) according to the standardized mean difference (from most positive to most negative). The biomarker levels of different organs/systems are shown in different colors.