. 2021 May 28;8:644325. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.644325

Table 5.

Effect of fermented or enzymatically fermented dried olive pomace broiler chickens' diet on growth performance parameters (starter, grower–finisher period, and overall period).

	Control	FOPI 7.5%	FOPI 15%	FEOPI 30%	FOPII 7.5%	FOPII 15%	FOPII 30%	SEM	p-value
Starter period (1–21 days)
Initial body weight	47	45	46	46	44	45	47	0.63	0.08
Body weight, g/bird	995^e	1,017^c	966^f	872^g	1,120^b	1,208^a	1,005^d	14.42	<0.001
Body weight gain, g/bird	948^d	972^c	919^d	826^d	1,075^b	1,163^a	959^d	13.54	<0.001
Feed conversion ratio	1.31^a	1.32^a	1.33^a	1.48	1.26^b	1.18^c	1.21^b	0.01	<0.001
Feed intake, g/bird	1,238^d	1,282^c	1,231^e	1,223^f	1,358^b	1,368^a	1,169^g	9.75	<0.001
Grower–finisher period (22–42 days)
Body weight, g/bird	2,485^d	2,529^c	2,378^e	2,230^f	2,603^b	2,747^a	2,475^d	22.00	<0.001
Body weight gain, g/bird	1,490^b	1,512^ab	1,412^c	1,358^d	1,484^b	1,539.4^a	1,470^b	8.87	<0.001
Feed conversion ratio	1.90^b	1.88^bc	2.00^a	2.08^a	1.85^c	1.84^c	1.93^b	0.01	<0.001
Feed intake, g/bird	2,837^a	2,841^a	2,820^ab	2,828^ab	2,754^b	2,829^ab	2,836^a	6.51	0.027
Total growing period (1–42 days)
Feed intake, g/bird	4,074^b	4,124^bc	4,051^bc	4,052^bc	4,111^b	4,196^a	4,005^c	9.78	<0.001
Body weight gain, g/bird	2,438^d	2,484^f	2,332^e	2,184^c	2,559^b	2,702^a	2,428^d	20.08	<0.001
feed conversion ratio	1.67^c	1.65^c	1.74^b	1.85^a	1.61^d	1.55^e	1.65^a	0.01	<0.001
Protein efficiency ratio	2.86^c	2.88^c	2.75^d	2.58^e	2.97^b	3.07^a	2.90^c	0.02	<0.001

Means within the same column carrying different superscripts (^a−g) are significantly different at p < 0.05.

FOPI7.5%, 7.5% olive pomace subjected to microbial fermentation; FOPI15%, 15% olive pomace subjected to microbial fermentation; FOPI30%, 30% olive pomace subjected to microbial fermentation; FOPII7.5%, 7.5% olive pomace subjected to microbial and enzymatic fermentation; FOPII15%, 15% olive pomace subjected to microbial and enzymatic fermentation; FOPII30%, 30% olive pomace subjected to microbial and enzymatic fermentation.