Table 3.
Muscle phosphocreatine (P-creatine) and muscle total creatine content of broilers fed graded levels or arginine with or without GAA (De Groot et al., 2018).
| Muscle analysis mmol/kg DW |
Serum analysis µg/Kg |
Growth performance |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment | P-creatine | Creatine | Arg | Creatine | BWG (g) | FI (g) | G:F |
| 0.84% SID Arg (control) | 37.61 | 106.6a,1 | 155.8a,b,1 | 14.21 | 528.6 | 815.6 | 647.31 |
| + 0.06%GAA | 56.1 | 112.4a,1 | 136.9a,1 | 22.3 | 526.8 | 797.7 | 661.5 |
| + 0.12% GAA | 91.0 | 150.6b | 143.8a,1 | 37.1 | 541.6 | 791.0 | 684.3 |
| 1.0% SID Arg | 61.7 | 116.5a | 199.1b,c,1 | 19.8 | 542.7 | 791.5 | 685.1 |
| +0.06% GAA | 82.4 | 158.9b | 244.6c,d,1 | 26.0 | 556.8 | 813.8 | 686.9 |
| +0.12 % GAA | 108.71 | 176.0b | 274.0d,1 | 43.21 | 562.7 | 791.3 | 710.9 |
| 1.16% SID Arg | 74.4 | 139.2 | 364.9 | 28.3 | 569.2 | 810.8 | 700.5 |
| SEM | 8.14 | 7.13 | 15.35 | 3.31 | 14.39 | 20.98 | 13.63 |
| Probability | |||||||
| Arg | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.006 | 0.037 | NS | 0.004 |
| GAA | <0.001 | <0.001 | NS | <0.001 | NS | NS | 0.047 |
| Arg × GAA | NS | <0.050 | 0.019 | NS | NS | NS | NS |
a-d Means separation analysis carried out on GAA × Arg interaction; means within a column lacking a common superscript letter differ (P < 0.050)
1
Mean value for this treatment was different from the positive control treatment (P < 0.050); SEM Standard error of the mean that applies to all 7 dietary treatments. P-values apply only to the first 6 treatments that were included in the 2-way ANOVA. Abbreviations: NS, Nonsignificant; P-Creatine, Phosphocreatine; Arg, Arginine; SID Arg, Standard Ileal Digestible Arginine; BWG, Body weight Gain; FI, Feed Intake; G:F, Gain:Feed.