FIGURE 5.

Effect of LPS and TNFα on the cell fate in the CE-OOC co-culture condition. Annexin V (green) and propidium iodide (red) staining of untreated (control), LPS- and TNFα-treated co-culture of ectocervical epithelial cells A, and endocervical epithelial cells B, Nuclei are stained blue (DAPI: 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole). Scale bar, 100 μm. Quantification of the percentage of cells that are viable, early apoptotic, late apoptotic, and necrotic in ectocervical epithelial cells (A) and endocervical epithelial cells (B). Error bars represent mean ± SEM. n = 5 technical replicates. C, Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA β-gal) staining in control and LPS- and TNFα-treated ectocervical epithelial cells and endocervical epithelial cells in CE-OOC co-culture. Arrows show the SA β-gal-positive cells. Scale bar, 100 μm. Quantification of senescent cells in control and LPS- and TNFα-treated ectocervical epithelial cells and endocervical epithelial cells in CE-OOC monoculture. Error bars represent mean ± SEM. n = 9 technical replicates. A total of 400–600 cells were analyzed per replicate of the apoptosis, necrosis, and senescence assays. *P < .05; **P < .01; and ***P < .001