Table 3:

Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of the association between pineal parenchyma volume and prostate cancer risk by parenchyma volume tertile (n = 864), AGES-Reykjavik Study

	Tertiles for pineal parenchyma volume
	T1† 32.9–105.2 mm3	T2† 105.3–146.5 mm3	T3† 146.6–646.8 mm3
Total prostate cancer
Prostate cancer cases/Participants	54/288	38/288	52/288
HR (95% CI)
Age-adjusted	Ref.	0.67 (0.44, 1.02)	0.94 (0.64, 1.38)
Multivariable adjusted‡	Ref.	0.67 (0.44, 1.02)	0.96 (0.65, 1.42)
Advanced prostate cancer
Prostate cancer cases/Participants	12/288	8/288	16/288
HR (95% CI)
Age-adjusted	Ref.	0.64 (0.26, 1.57)	1.33 (0.63, 2.83)
Multivariable adjusted‡	Ref.	0.65 (0.26, 1.61)	1.47 (0.69, 3.17)
High grade (Gleason 8–10) prostate cancer
Prostate cancer cases/Participants	10/288	13/288	13/288
HR (95% CI)
Age-adjusted	Ref.	1.25 (0.55, 2.84)	1.29 (0.56, 2.94)
Multivariable adjusted‡	Ref.	1.29 (0.56, 2.98)	1.38 (0.60, 3.19)

HR = hazard ratio; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval

^†T1 = lower tertile; T2 = middle tertile; T3= upper tertile

^‡Multivariable-adjusted model adjusted for age, family history of prostate cancer, smoking status, physical activity (never, rarely/occasionally, moderate/high), history of depression, current beta-blocker use, and annual doctor’s exam.

^*p<0.05