Table 1.
Summary of the included studies (RCT randomized controlled trial, SSI surgical site infection, iNPWT negative pressure wound therapy, SD standard dressing, Cht chemotherapy, BMI body mass index, IFX infliximab)
| Topic | Author | Year | Study type | Intervention | Setting | Number of patients | N. of IP | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transplanted patients | Dean P.G. | 2004 | RCT | Sirolimus vs tacrolimus | Kidney transplant | 123 | All | Higher rate of SSI in sirolimus |
| Siskind E. | 2012 | Prospective | Partial incision closure | Kidney transplant | 104 | All | No SSI | |
| Shahrestani S. | 2018 | Meta-analysis | Sirolimus, BMI, different surgical incisions | Kidney and pancreas transplant | 17821 | All | Higher rate of hernia in sirolimus | |
| Gurusamy | 2014 | Review of RCTs | Bowel decontamination, Pre- and probiotics, G-CSF | Liver transplant | 614 | All | No difference in SSI or complication rate | |
| Shrestha M.S. | 2016 | Systematic review | NPWT for complication | Kidney transplant | 22 | All | Heterogeneous | |
| D’Souza K. | 2019 | Syst rev. of retrospective | Drain vs. no drain | Kidney transplant | 1640 | All | No difference in SSI or complication rate | |
| Berry | 2019 | RCT | 72 h-long antibiotic prophylaxis vs intraoperatory antibiotic alone | Liver transplant | 97 | All | ||
| Colorectal cancer | Kabbinavar F. | 2005 | RCT | CHT +/− bevacizumab | Metastatic colorectal cancer | 209 | All | / |
| Hurvitz H. | 2004 | RCT | CHT +/− bevacizumab | Metastatic colorectal cancer | 813 | All | / | |
| Scappaticci F.A. | 2005 | Pooled data from RCT | CHT +/− bevacizumab | Metastatic colorectal cancer | 1132 | All | SSI: 13% BZ+CH vs 3.4% CH alone | |
| Curran T. | 2018 | Retrospective | iNPWT vs SD | High-risk open colorectal surgery | 315 | 61 (chronic steroid/metastatic cancer) | SSI: 7% iNPWT vs 15% SD | |
| Crohn disease | Bafford A.C. | 2013 | Retrospective | Patients on immunomodulatory therapy | Crohn disease | 196 | 127 (on drugs) | Same rate of SSI |
| Canedo J. | 2010 | Retrospective | Patients on IFX, other drugs or assuming no drugs | Crohn disease | 225 | 150 (IFX or other drugs) | No difference in SSI | |
| Trauma | Costa M.L. | 2020 | RCT | iNPWT vs SD | High-risk patients | 1629 | Not specified | No difference in SSI rate |
| Masden D. | 2012 | RCT | iNPWT vs SD | High-risk patients | 81 | 7 | No difference in SSI rate | |
| Mixed High-risk population | BlackHam A.U. | 2013 | Retrospective | iNPWT vs SD | Abdominal oncological surgery | 191 | 76 (neoadjuvant cht) | SSI: 6.7% iNPWT vs 19.5% SD |
| Javed A.A. | 2019 | RCT | iNPWT vs SD | High-risk pancreatico-duodenectomy | 123 | 77 (neoadjuvant cht) | SSI: iNPWT 9% vs 31.1% SD | |
| Murphy P.B. | 2019 | RCT | iNPWT vs SD | Open colorectal | 288 | 9 | No difference in SSI rate | |
| O’Leary D.P. | 2017 | RCT | iNPWT vs SD | Abdominal surgery | 49 | Not specified | SSI: iNPWT 8.3% vs 32% SD | |
| Li P.-Y. | 2017 | RCT | iNPWT vs SD | Abdominal, colorectal surgery | 71 | Not specified | SSI: iNPWT 3% vs 23.7% SD | |
| Shen P. | 2017 | RCT | iNPWT vs SD | Abdominal, oncological surgery | 265 | Excluded | No difference in SSI rate | |
| Mixed High-risk population | Strugala and Martin | 2017 | Meta-analysis (RCT + observational) | iNPWT vs SD | All specialities | 1863 | Not specified | SSI: iNPWT 4.8% vs 9.7% SD |
| Zwanenburg P.R. | 2019 | Meta-analysis (RCT + observational but only RCT reported) | iNPWT vs SD | All specialities + subgroup analysis | 4398 | Not specified | No advantage in NPWT if stratified for surgical specialties | |
| Kuper T.M. | 2020 | Meta-analysis of RCTs | iNPWT vs SD | Open abdominal | 792 | Not specified | No difference in SSI rate | |
| Sahebally S. | 2018 | Meta-analysis (RCT + observational) | iNPWT vs SD | Open abdominal | 1187 | Not specified | NPWT > SD pooled OR 0.25 |