Table 1.
Characteristics of study participants by atrioventricular block status
| Overall | Without AV block | Participants with AV block | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | First degree | Second degree | Third degree | |||
| N | 15,181,402 | 15,092,560 | 88,842 | 86,153 | 2249 | 440 |
| Age, years | ||||||
| 18–39 | 7,609,253 (50.1) | 7,588,277 (50.3) | 20,976 (23.6) | 20,072 (23.3) | 784 (34.9) | 120 (27.3) |
| 40–59 | 5,896,375 (38.8) | 5,859,173 (38.8) | 37,202 (41.9) | 36,302 (42.1) | 750 (33.3) | 150 (34.1) |
| ≥ 60 | 1,675,774 (11.0) | 1,645,110 (10.9) | 30,664 (34.5) | 29,779 (34.6) | 715 (31.8) | 170 (38.6) |
| Sex | ||||||
| Men | 8,079,772 (53.2) | 8,013,421 (53.1) | 66,351 (74.7) | 64,499 (74.9) | 1567 (69.7) | 285 (64.8) |
| Women | 7,101,630 (46.8) | 7,079,139 (46.9) | 22,491 (25.3) | 21,654 (25.1) | 682 (30.3) | 155 (35.2) |
| City size* | ||||||
| Small city | 4,570,409 (30.1) | 4,536,248 (30.1) | 34,161 (38.5) | 33,106 (38.4) | 873 (38.8) | 182 (41.4) |
| Middle city | 6,094,497 (40.1) | 6,058,120 (40.1) | 36,377 (40.9) | 35,452 (41.2) | 773 (34.4) | 152 (34.5) |
| Big city | 4,516,496 (29.8) | 4,498,192 (29.8) | 18,304 (20.6) | 17,595 (20.4) | 603 (26.8) | 106 (24.1) |
| Heart rate, bpm | ||||||
| < 60 | 377,629 (3.4) | 372,179 (3.4) | 5450 (8.3) | 4931 (7.7) | 360 (21.7) | 159 (50.2) |
| 60–100 | 10,614,677 (95.6) | 10,554,664 (95.6) | 60,013 (91.2) | 58,570 (91.8) | 1285 (77.6) | 158 (49.8) |
| > 100 | 115,780 (1.0) | 115,443 (1.0) | 337 (0.5) | 326 (0.5) | 11 (0.7) | 0 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | ||||||
| < 18.5 | 640,013 (4.7) | 638,248 (4.7) | 1765 (2.2) | 1646 (2.1) | 92 (4.6) | 27 (6.8) |
| 18.5–23.9 | 6,504,666 (47.6) | 6,476,822 (47.7) | 27,844 (34.6) | 26,731 (34.2) | 945 (46.9) | 168 (42.3) |
| 24–27.9 | 4,690,273 (34.3) | 4,655,934 (34.3) | 34,339 (42.6) | 33,456 (42.8) | 730 (36.2) | 153 (38.5) |
| ≥ 28.0 | 1,825,423 (13.4) | 1,808,789 (13.3) | 16,634 (20.6) | 16,337 (20.9) | 248 (12.3) | 49 (12.3) |
| Hypertension | ||||||
| No | 11,469,363 (78.1) | 11,417,566 (78.2) | 51,797 (60.3) | 50,128 (60.2) | 1442 (66.3) | 227 (53.5) |
| Yes | 3,209,2182 (21.9) | 3,175,183 (21.8) | 34,099 (39.7) | 33,168 (39.8) | 734 (33.7) | 197 (46.5) |
| Diabetes | ||||||
| No | 13,851,682 (94.9) | 13,775,997 (95.0) | 75,685 (87.9) | 73,307 (87.8) | 1990 (91.5) | 388 (90.2) |
| Yes | 749,368 (5.1) | 738,904 (5.1) | 10,464 (12.1) | 10,237 (12.3) | 185 (8.5) | 42 (9.8) |
| Low HDL-C | ||||||
| No | 9,477,347 (91.1) | 9,415,791 (91.1) | 61,556 (87.7) | 59,759 (87.6) | 1504 (90) | 293 (92.7) |
| Yes | 925,535 (8.9) | 916,866 (8.9) | 8669 (12.3) | 8479 (12.4) | 167 (10) | 23 (7.3) |
| High LDL-C | ||||||
| No | 9,700,780 (93.7) | 9,635,735 (93.7) | 65,045 (92.9) | 63,187 (92.9) | 1567 (93.9) | 291 (92.4) |
| Yes | 651,784 (6.3) | 646,837 (6.3) | 4947 (7.1) | 4822 (7.1) | 101 (6.1) | 24 (7.6) |
| High TC | ||||||
| No | 12,305,558 (91.2) | 12,229,928 (91.2) | 75,630 (90.3) | 73,356 (90.2) | 1901 (92.2) | 373 (91.4) |
| Yes | 1,186,254 (8.8) | 1,178,085 (8.8) | 8169 (9.7) | 7974 (9.8) | 160 (7.8) | 35 (8.6) |
| High TG | ||||||
| No | 11,386,284 (84.5) | 11,318,687 (84.6) | 67,597 (80.8) | 65,443 (80.6) | 1799 (87.6) | 355 (87.4) |
| Yes | 2,082,218 (15.5) | 2,066,129 (15.4) | 16,089 (19.2) | 15,784 (19.4) | 254 (12.4) | 51 (12.6) |
Characteristics of the participants are presented as No. (%) for categorical variables. P < 0.001 for all comparisons between participants with and without AV block
AV atrioventricular, BMI body mass index, Low HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol < 1.0 mmol/L, High LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥ 4.1 mmol/L, High TC total cholesterol ≥ 6.2 mmol/L, High TG triglyceride ≥ 2.3 mmol/L
*City size was determined according to urban population size