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. 2021 May 28;12:661072. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.661072

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Copyright © 2021 Yan, Ni, Sheng, Zhang, Xiao, Ma, Li, Wu and Tu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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ROF suppresses IL-1β–induced autophagy downregulation in chondrocytes. (A) Western blots and (B) quantitative analysis of ATG5, ATG12, Beclin-1, P62-sequestosome and LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ in each group. (C) Fluorescence microscopy and (D) quantitative analysis of cells transfected with tandem GFP-RFP-LC3 adenovirus in each group. (E) TEM images and (F) quantitative analysis of autophagosomes in each group. Red arrow indicated autophagosome. GAPDH was employed as the internal control (n = 3). #p < 0.05 vs. control group; *p < 0.05 vs. IL-1β group.