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. 2021 May 28;12:685473. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.685473

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Copyright © 2021 Möstl, Orter, Hoffmann, Bachler, Hametner, Wassertheurer, Rabineau, Mulder, Johannes, Jordan and Tank.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Data acquisition for vascular measurements. Left panel: Recording sites and length (L) determination for brachial-femoral pulse wave velocity (_bfPWV) assessment. Right panel – top: ECG and Doppler flow curves in the left ventricular outflow tract. We measured isovolumetric contraction time (ICT) from the R-peak to aortic valve opening indicated by flow onset. Right panel – bottom: Pulse wave arrival time (PAT) is defined as the time from the ECG R-Peak to pulse wave arrival at a certain landmark. By dividing L by pulse transit time (PTT) between arm and thigh cuffs, we obtained _bfPWV. We obtained measurements from every heartbeat recorded during a 60-s period. For the sake of clarity, PAT and PTT are shown for two consecutive heart beats. We calculated corrected PAT (cPAT) by subtracting ICT from PAT.