Table 2.
Hormonal data of patients attending ≥3 months following presentation with COVID-19
| Total cohort (n = 70) | No Dex (n = 48) | Dex (n = 22) | P value | No Fatigue (n = 26) | Fatigue (n = 44) | P valve | Mild (n = 12) | Moderate (n = 30) | Severe (n = 21) | Critical (n = 7) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline cortisol (nmol/L) | 233.1 (77.5) | 229.3 (75.7) | 241.6 (82.5) | 0.54 | 243.8 (84.9) | 227.2 (73.5) | 0.40 | 216.9 (64.2) | 224.8 (85.0) | 268.2 (72.4) | 191.3 (44.7) | 0.06 |
| 30-min cortisol (nmol/L) | 562.1 (87.6) | 549.3 (93.1) | 591.2 (66.6) | 0.81 | 551.4 (63.5) | 568.1 (98.9) | 0.45 | 549.1 (135.2) | 571.5 (84.8) | 562.5 (59.1) | 543.9 (84.5) | 0.83 |
| 60-min cortisol (nmol/L) | 636.6 (97.6) | 623.3 (105.5) | 665.8 (71.4) | 0.78 | 623.0 (89.9) | 644.2 (101.8) | 0.34 | 629.3 (127.3) | 648.0 (101.0) | 632.5 (79.1) | 613.0 (90.5) | 0.83 |
| 30-min change in cortisol (nmol/L) | 328.8 (102.4) | 320.0 (103.9) | 348.7 (98.6) | 0.29 | 307.7 (87.7) | 340.7 (109.1) | 0.20 | 332.2 (130.0) | 346.5 (96.9) | 294.3 (87.9) | 352.6 (109.8) | 0.31 |
| 60-min change in cortisol (nmol/L) | 403.5 (112.30 | 394.0 (119.3) | 424.2 (94.6) | 0.30 | 379.2 (112.1) | 417.0 (111.4) | 0.18 | 412.4 (110.4) | 423.1 (116.0) | 364.3 (103.2) | 421.7 (119.8) | 0.30 |
| ACTH (ng/L) | 14.85 (8.34, 22.10) | 16.05 (9.05, 22.13) | 14.05 (7.53, 21.75) | 0.54 | 19.15 (14.03, 22.80) | 12.35 (7.55, 21.55) | 0.06 | 9.35 (6.38, 12.43) | 17.75 (7.48, 22.25) | 21.20 (11.75, 27.10) | 15.00 (8.30, 20.40) | 0.01 |
| TSH (mU/L) | 1.32 (0.97, 2.09) | 1.42 (1.02, 2.13) | 1.24 (0.80, 1.82) | >0.99 | 1.33 (1.03, 2.09) | 1.36 (0.96, 2.10) | 0.95 | 1.60 (0.90, 2.53) | 1.29 (1.06, 1.79) | 1.32 (0.84, 2.07) | 1.24 (1.03, 3.03) | 0.84 |
| fT4 (pmol/L) | 12.30 (11.65, 13.08) | 12.20 (11.75, 12.73) | 12.40 (11.55, 13.60) | 1.00 | 12.30 (11.68, 13.30) | 12.25 (11.65, 13.03) | 0.65 | 12.05 (11.60, 12.70) | 12.30 (11.80, 12.90) | 12.40 (11.83, 13.60) | 11.20 (10.60, 12.30) | 0.15 |
| fT3 (pmol/L) | 4.40 (4.08, 4.80) | 4.40 (4.00, 4.80) | 4.30 (4.18, 4.63) | 1.00 | 4.40 (4.20, 4.80) | 4.20 (3.90, 4.70) | 0.14 | 4.15 (3.93, 4.48) | 4.30 (3.90, 4.83) | 4.40 (4.15, 4.80) | 4.60 (4.20, 4.70) | 0.34 |
| Admission cohort (n = 24) | No Dex (n = 24) | Dex (n = 0) | P value | No Fatigue (n = 11) | Fatigue (n = 13) | P value | Mild (n = 0) | Moderate (n = 14) | Severe (n = 9) | Critical (n = 1) | P value | |
| Admission cortisol (nmol/L) | 566 (428.5, 749.3) | 566 (428.5, 749.3) | NA | NA | 650.0 (505.0, 1194.0) | 489.0 (407.5, 657.5) | 0.04 | NA | 472.5 (393.8, 555.5) | 760.0 (664.0, 1205) | 1158 | NA |
Data are means (SD) for continuous variables parametrically distributed and medians (lower quartile, upper quartile) for continuous variables nonparametrically distributed. For categorical data, numbers of patients (percentages) are presented. Continuous data that are parametrically distributed were compared using t tests, continuous data not parametrically distributed were compared using Mann-Whitney U test. Groups of data parametrically distributed were compared using ANOVA test. Groups of data nonparametrically distributed were compared using Kruskal-Wallis test.
Abbreviations: ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone; Dex, dexamethasone treatment; fT3, free triiodothyronine; fT4, free thyroxine; NA, not applicable; no Dex, no dexamethasone treatment; TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone.