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. 2021 May 28;14:639145. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.639145

FIGURE 8.

FIGURE 8

Post-stroke VPA treatment enhances gene expressions of the alternative activated M2 phenotypes. (A) Male rats (12 weeks old) were subjected to sham operation or dMCAo surgery with/without VPA treatment. Microglia/macrophages were purified from sham cortex and peri-infarct cortex at day 3 post-dMCAo using gentleMACs Dissociator and CD11b antibody-beads. (B) There were significant differences in the number of CD11b-expressing microglia/macrophages between the sham group and dMCAo groups. (C) qPCR analysis of gene expression of alternative activated M2 phenotype (Clec10a, TGFβ1, CD163, and Arginase-1) and classical activated M1 phenotype (iNOS and CD86) in the CD11b-expressing microglia/macrophages of sham-operated, dMCAo + vehicle, and dMCAo + VPA groups. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, Student’s t-test. N = 3–4 per group. The data represent mean ± SEM.