Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population
| Baseline characteristics | COVID19 case, n = 105 | AKI, n = 24 (22.8%) | Non-AKI, n = 81 (77.2%) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age group (years) | ||||
| Infants 0–1 | 24 (22.9) | 2 (8.3) | 22 (27.2) | 0.91 |
| Toddlers 1–5 | 20 (19.0) | 7 (29.2) | 13 (16.1) | |
| Children 5–13 | 50 (47.6) | 14 (58.3) | 36 (44.4) | |
| Adolescents ≥13 | 11 (10.5) | 1 (4.2) | 10 (12.3) | |
| Median age (years) (IQR) | 6 (1.04–10) | 6.5 (3–9.5) | 5 (0.87–10.0) | 0.57 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 57 (54.3) | 13 (54.2) | 44 (54.3) | 0.98 |
| Female | 48 (45.7) | 11 (45.8) | 36 (45.7) | |
| All comorbidity | 80 (76.2) | 19 (79.2) | 61 (75.3) | 0.69 |
| Common comorbidities | ||||
| CNS | 10 (9.5) | 2 (8.3) | 8 (9.9) | 0.82 |
| Tuberculosis | 18 (17.1) | 1 (4.2) | 17 (21.0) | 0.05 |
| Hematological disorders/ malignancies | 15 (14.3) | 5 (20.8) | 10 (12.3) | 0.28 |
| Rheumatological | 5 (4.8) | 2 (8.3) | 3 (3.7) | 0.35 |
| Surgical conditions | 4 (3.8) | 1 (4.2) | 3 (3.7) | 0.91 |
| Liver abscess | 10 (9.5) | 2 (8.3) | 8 (9.9) | 0.82 |
| Bacterial pneumonia | 21 (20.0) | 5 (20.8) | 16 (19.8) | 0.90 |
| Severe acute malnutrition | 3 (2.9) | 1 (4.2) | 2 (2.5) | 0.66 |
| GI/hepatic disorders | 4 (3.8) | 1 (4.2) | 3 (3.7) | 0.91 |
| Sepsis | 47 (44.8) | 18 (75.0) | 38 (46.9) | 0.01 |
| Skin conditions | 2 (1.9) | 0 | 2 (2.5) | 0.437 |
| Storage disorder | 1 (1.0) | 0 | 1 (1.2) | 0.584 |
| Nephrotic syndrome | 4 (3.8) | 3 (12.5) | 1 (1.2) | 0.01 |
| Laboratory findings | ||||
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 9.5 ± 2.6 | 9.17 ± 2.67 | 9.60 ± 2.68 | 0.49 |
| Total leukocyte count | 17 267 ± 18 832 | 25 193 ± 31 496 | 14 918 ± 12 305 | 0.01 |
| Absolute neutrophilic count | 9076 ± 9009 | 11 404 ± 12 426 | 8333 ± 7579 | 0.16 |
| PMN (%) | 57.19 ± 22.9 | 56.38 ± 27.7 | 57.4 ± 32.4 | 0.84 |
| Lymphocyte (%) | 32.2 ± 20.8 | 30.5 ± 23.5 | 32.8 ± 20.1 | 0.65 |
| PMN/lymphocyte ratio (IQR) | 2.16 (1.12–5.1) | 2.56 (1.19–6.04) | 2.1 (0.98–4.81) | 0.57 |
| Platelet count | 1 296 000 ± 259 514 | 178 130 ± 166 839 | 282 623 ± 22 3068 | 0.04 |
| CRP | 86.48 ± 92.4 | 94.12 ± 98.0 | 80.0 ± 91.2 | 0.67 |
| Baseline serum creatinine (mg/dl), median IQR | 0.38 (0.33–0.48) | 0.37 (0.31–0.45) | 0.4 (0.33–0.48) | 0.21 |
| Peak serum creatinine (mg/dl), median IQR | 0.36 (0.25–0.60) | 0.95 (0.66–1.74) | 0.3 (0.22–0.40) | 0.001 |
| Duration of hospital stay <14 days | 78 (75.0) | 20 (83.3) | 58 (71.6) | 0.28 |
| Duration of hospital stay ≥14 days | 26 (25.0) | 4 (16.7) | 22 (27.2) |