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Table 1.

Oligonucleotide primer sequences used for C. perfringens toxin genes cpa (α-toxin), cpb (β-toxin), cpb2 (β2-toxin), cpe (enterotoxin), etx (ε-toxin), and iap (ι-toxin)

Toxin/gene Primer Oligonucleotide sequence Fragment length (bp) References
α/cpa CPALPHATOX1-F AAGATTTGTAAGGCGCTT 1167 bp
CPALPHATOX1-R ATTTCCTGAAATCCACTC
β/cpb CPBETATOX1-F AGGAGGTTTTTTTATGAAG 1025 bp
CPBETATOX1-R TCTAAATAGCTGTTACTTTGTG
β2/cpb2 P319BETA2 GAAAGGTAATGGAGAATTATCTTAATGC 573 bp
P320BETA2 GCAGAATCAGGATTTTGACCATATACC
ε/etx CPETOXIN1-F AAGTTTAGCAATCGCATC 961 bp
CPETOXIN1-R TATTCCTGGTGCCTTAATT
Enterotoxin/cpe CPENT1-F TAACAATTTAAATCCAATGG 933 bp
CPENT1-R ATTGAATAAGGGTAATTTCC
ι/iap CPIOTA1-F AATGCCATATCAAAAAATAA 821 bp
CPIOTA1-R TTAGCAAATGCACTCATATT