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. 2021 May 28;8:660456. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.660456

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

(A) Fecal excretion profile of the putative Amadori product FruMetAla during the first 2 years of life. In formula-fed infants (F−, without probiotics, orange and F+, with probiotics, green) the amount of excreted FruMetAla decreased over time. In breastfed infants (B, blue) FruMetAla was not detectable. (B) Collision induced dissociation MS/MS experiment (20 eV, positive ionization mode) of FruMetAla in a pooled fecal sample. (C–D) Profiles of bacterial aromatic amino acid degradation metabolites in feces of breastfed (group B, blue) and formula-fed infants without (group F−, orange) or with probiotics (group F+, green) over time. (A) 4-Hydroxyphenyllactic and (B) indolelactic acid were increased in group B up to month 7. (C) Fecal phenyllactic acid increased over time in all three groups. Significance was calculated in each month between B, F−, and F+ group using the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test. ns: p > 0.05, *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001, ****p ≤ 0.0001.