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. 2021 Jun 11;16(6):e0252895. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252895

Fig 2. Effects of the psychostimulants cocaine, METH and morphine on HDAC class II proteins in human primary astrocytes.

Fig 2

Cells were exposed to cocaine (1 μM), METH (10 μM), and morphine (5 μM) either alone or in combination with piracetam (10 μM) for 24 h. The protein expression levels of different classes of HDACs (4, 5, 6 and 7) in astrocytes were determined by western blotting analysis using GAPDH as a loading control. Western blot showing (A) HDAC4, (B) HDAC5, (C) HDAC6 and (D) HDAC7. Two-way ANOVA analysis performed to compare the groups between cocaine Vs cocaine + piracetam, METH Vs METH + piracetam and morphine Vs morphine + piracetam. The densitometric analysis results in E, F, G and H represent the protein levels (fold-change control) of HDAC4, HDAC5, HDAC6 and HDAC7, respectively. The data are expressed as the mean ± standard error mean of three independent experiments. N = 3. ****P<0.0001, ***P<0.001, **P<0.01, NS—nonsignificant.