Skip to main content
. 2021 Jun 11;16(6):e0252895. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252895

Fig 5. Effects of the psychostimulants cocaine, METH and morphine on HDAC and HAT gene expression in human primary astrocytes.

Fig 5

Human primary astrocytes were exposed to cocaine (1 μM), METH (10 μM) and morphine (5 μM) either alone or in combination with piracetam (10 μM) for 24 h. Controls were maintained in drug-free medium (without drug exposure). (A) HDAC1, (B) HDAC3, (C) HDAC4, (D) HDAC6 and (E) HDAC7 (F) GCN5 (G) PCAF mRNA expression levels in astrocytes determined by qRT-PCR analysis using the housekeeping gene β-actin as a loading control. Two-way ANOVA analysis performed to compare the groups between cocaine Vs cocaine + piracetam, METH Vs METH + piracetam and morphine Vs morphine + piracetam. The data are expressed as the mean ± standard error mean of the transcript accumulation index (TAI) of three independent experiments. N = 3. ****P<0.0001, ***P<0.001, **P<0.01, *P<0.05, NS—nonsignificant.