Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics
| Characteristic | Overall (N=2445) | No depression PHQ <8 (n=2244) | Depression PHQ ≥8 (n=201) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 68.1±7.9 | 68.2±7.9 | 66.8±8.4 | 0.016 |
| Education | 0.006 | |||
| Primary school | 294(12) | 257 (11) | 37 (19) | |
| Secondary school | 628(27) | 601 (27) | 58 (29) | |
| University/college | 1484(61) | 1379 (62) | 105 (52) | |
| Ethnicity | 0.95 | |||
| Caucasian | 2188 (90) | 2009 (90) | 179 (90) | |
| Other | 240 (10) | 228 (10) | 20 (10) | |
| Live alone | 359(15) | 323 (14) | 36 (18) | 0.19 |
| Tobacco use | <0.0001 | |||
| Never | 1031(42) | 968 (43) | 63 (31) | |
| Former | 1173 (48) | 1077 (48) | 96 (48) | |
| Current | 240 (10) | 199 (9) | 41 (21) | |
| Alcohol use | <0.0001 | |||
| Never | 283 (12) | 266 (12) | 16 (9) | |
| Former | 245 (10) | 205 (9) | 40 (20) | |
| Current | 1916 (78) | 1773 (79) | 143 (72) | |
| Employed | 995 (39) | 874 (39) | 81 (40) | 0.71 |
| ECOG | <0.0001 | |||
| Fully independent | 1880 (85) | 1777 (88) | 103 (57) | |
| >1 | 326 (15) | 249 (12) | 77 (43) | |
| PC risk | <0.0001 | |||
| Low/intermediate | 1204 (50) | 1129 (51) | 75 (37) | |
| High | 1221 (50) | 1095 (49) | 126 (63) | |
| Gleason score | 0.11 | |||
| ≤6 | 338 (14) | 316 (14) | 22 (11) | |
| 3+4 | 931 (39) | 863 (39) | 68 (35) | |
| 4+3 | 503 (21) | 465 (21) | 38 (20) | |
| 8 | 313 (13) | 281 (13) | 32 (16) | |
| 9 or 10 | 319 (13) | 284 (13) | 35 (18) | |
| Metastatic disease | 179 (7) | 139 (7) | 20 (10) | 0.14 |
| PHQ-9 score, median (25th–75th percentile) | 1 (0–4) | 1 (0–3) | 10 (8–13) | |
| Physician diagnosis of depression/ anxiety | 264 (11) | 209 (9) | 55 (27) | <0.0001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.4±4.4 | 28.4±4.3 | 29.1±5.1 | 0.018 |
| IIEF score | 7.8±9.9 | 8.0±10.0 | 5.8±8.8 | 0.0028 |
| No multi-morbidity | 639 (26) | 604 (27) | 35 (17) | 0.003 |
| Multimorbidity | 1806 (74) | 1640 (73) | 166 (83) |
ADT: androgen deprivation therapy; BMI: body mass index; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status Score; IIEF: International Index of Erectile Function; PC: prostate cancer; PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire.