Table 2.
Multivariable regression model predicting depression across the full sample
| Predictor variable | Univariable models | Multivariable model | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | |
| Age (per 10-year decrease) | 1.23 | 1.04–1.42 | 0.016 | 1.38 | 1.16–1.60 | 0.001 |
| Education | ||||||
| >Secondary school | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Secondary school | 1.27 | 0.91–1.77 | 0.17 | 0.84 | 0.56–1.26 | 0.40 |
| Primary school | 1.89 | 1.27–2.81 | 0.002 | 1.42 | 0.89–2.26 | 0.14 |
| Tobacco use | ||||||
| Never | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Former | 1.37 | 0.99–1.90 | 0.061 | 1.34 | 0.91–1.96 | 0.14 |
| Current | 3.17 | 2.08–4.83 | <0.0001 | 2.77 | 1.66–4.58 | <0.0001 |
| Alcohol | ||||||
| Never | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Former | 3.05 | 1.68–5.54 | <0.0001 | 2.63 | 1.33–5.20 | 0.006 |
| Current | 1.26 | 0.75–2.12 | 0.38 | 1.30 | 0.72–2.34 | 0.38 |
| Employed | 1.06 | 0.79–1.42 | 0.71 | – | – | – |
| Poor performance status (ECOG >1) | 5.34 | 3.86–7.37 | <0.0001 | 5.01 | 3.49–7.20 | <0.0001 |
| PC risk | ||||||
| Low/intermediate | 1 | 1 | ||||
| High | 1.73 | 1.29–2.33 | <0.0001 | 1.49 | 1.05–2.12 | 0.027 |
| Gleason 3+4 or higher | 1.34 | 1.00–1.79 | 0.054 | – | – | – |
| Metastatic disease | 1.45 | 0.89–2.36 | 0.14 | – | – | – |
| Pre-existing diagnosis of depression or anxiety | 3.67 | 2.61–5.16 | <0.0001 | 3.64 | 2.42–5.48 | <0.0001 |
| BMI | ||||||
| <30 kg/m2 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| ≥30 kg/m2 | 1.34 | 0.99–1.82 | 0.055 | 1.07 | 0.75–1.51 | 0.72 |
| Erectile dysfunction (IIEF score <22) | 1.53 | 0.91–2.57 | 0.11 | – | – | – |
| Multi-morbidity | 1.75 | 1.20–2.54 | 0.004 | 1.35 | 0.86–2.12 | 0.19 |
BMI: body mass index; CI: confidence interval; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status Score; IIEF: International Index of Erectile Function; OR: odds ratio; PC: prostate cancer.