. 2021 May 27;105(11):4467–4486. doi: 10.1007/s00253-021-11355-2

Table 1.

Overview on biotechnological erythritol production methods using conventional carbon sources

Substrate	Microorganism	Type of culture	Substrate		Erythritol production			Biomass concentration	By-products		By-product to erythritol ratio %	Cultivation medium		Ref.
			Initial	Final	g/L^b	g/L.h	g/g^c	g/L^b	Compound	g/L^b		Main components of the cultivation medium	Concentration range
			g/L^b	g/L^b	g/L^b	g/L.h	g/g^c	g/L^b	Compound	g/L^b		Main components of the cultivation medium	g/L^b
Commercial glucose	Candida magnoliae	B	237	0	60.3	0.37	0.25	31.73	Mannitol	3.3	5.7	YE	0.23–9.2	Savergave et al. (2011)
									Mannitol	3.3		KH₂PO₄
									Glycerol	0.3		MgSO₄·7H₂O
		B	200	N.R.	20.3	0.12	0.1	N.R.	Glycerol	2.4	10.4	YE,	0.25–10	Ghezelbash et al. (2014)
												KH₂PO₄
												MgSO₄
		FB	250	N.R.	200	1.2	0.43	±60	N.R.	N.R.	–	Peptone	2.0–20	Koh et al. (2003)
												YE
												Phytic acid
		FB	250	0	87.8	0.61	0.35	38.4	No by-products	–	–	YE	0.23–9.2	Savergave et al. (2011)
												KH₂PO₄
												MgSO₄·7H₂O
		FB	400	N.R.	164	2.8	0.41	75	Glycerol	137^a	83.5	YE	212	Ryu et al. (2000)
									Citric acid
									Butyric acid
	Candida sorbosivorans	B	160	N.R.	60.2	0.5	0.38	N.R.	N.R.	N.R.	–	YE,	0.35–12	Saran et al. (2015)
												KH₂PO₄
												MgSO₄·7H₂O
												FeSO₄·7H₂O
	Pseudozyma tsukubaensis	FB	400	0	241	2.84	0.6	22.8	No by-products	–	–	MnSO₄·4H₂O	2.0–15	Jeya et al. (2009)
												CuSO₄·5H₂O
												Corn steep powder
	Trichosporonoides oedocephalis	B	200	0.5*	50.54	0.39	0.25	27.43	Glycerol	6.4	11.3	YE	0.5–10	Li et al. (2017)
												KH₂PO₄
												MgSO₄,
												KCl
		B	300	5	59.34	0.49	0.2	35.1	Glycerol	30.9	34.2	YE	0.5–10	Kang et al. (2019)
												KH₂PO₄
												MgSO₄,
												NaCl
												CuSO₄·5H₂O
												Betaine
Commercial glycerol	Yarrowia lipolytica	C	300	0	199	0.8	0.66	20.6	Arabinitol	2.5	3.4	YE	0.22–26.5	Rakicka et al. (2017)
									Mannitol	2.1		(NH₄)₂SO₄
									Citric acid	2		KH₂PO₄
									α-ketoglutaric acid	0.3		MgSO₄·7H₂O NaCl
Commercial xylose	Aurebasidium pullulans	B	120	38.6	31.75	0.22	0.26	32.28	N.R.	N.R.	–	YE	0.35–17.82	Guo et al. (2016)
												KH₂PO₄
												Citric acid

YE yeast extract, N.R. not reported

^aTotal organic acid

^bPer litre of culture

^cPer gram of carbon source