Table 3.
Characteristics of the patients by CRP values
| CRP ≤ 5 mg/L | CRP > 5 mg/L | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 70 | 130 | |
| Age (year) | 44.9 ± 10.4 | 42.2 ± 11.1 | 0.09 |
| Males (%) | 30.0 | 16.9 | 0.032 |
| Weight (kg) | 114.9 ± 20.7 | 114.5 ± 22.1 | 0.90 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 42.5 ± 5.9 | 43.0 ± 6.9 | 0.61 |
| Super-obesity (BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2) | 12.9 | 13.9 | 0.85 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 123.8 ± 15.7 | 126.0 ± 16.3 | 0.36 |
| Neck circumference (cm) | 41.4 ± 4.9 | 40.9 ± 4.0 | 0.37 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 134.1 ± 10.1 | 133.4 ± 11.1 | 0.68 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 81.5 ± 3.8 | 81.4 ± 5.0 | 0.91 |
| Active smoker (%) | 24.3 | 32.3 | 0.06 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 12.9 | 22.3 | 0.10 |
| Metformin treatment (%) | 10.0 | 11.5 | 0.74 |
| Arterial blood hypertension (%) | 30.0 | 36.2 | 0.38 |
| Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (%) | 88.6 | 87.7 | 0.86 |
| Obstructive Sleep Apnea (%) | 27.1 | 16.2 | 0.06 |
| Osteoarthritis (%) | 32.9 | 45.4 | 0.09 |
| Hiatal hernia/gastroesophageal reflux disease (%) | 40.0 | 51.5 | 0.12 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 91.1 ± 14.7 | 102.1 ± 42.1 | 0.035 |
| Glycated hemoglobin (%) | 5.7 ± 0.70 | 6.2 ± 1.38 | 0.010 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 189.8 ± 33.8 | 199.4 ± 36.1 | 0.07 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 51.1 ± 11.6 | 50.2 ± 13.3 | 0.65 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 135.8 ± 72.9 | 149.2 ± 66.4 | 0.19 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.79 ± 0.20 | 0.75 ± 0.18 | 0.09 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.7 ± 1.4 | 5.4 ± 1.4 | 0.30 |
| γ-glutamil transferase (IU/L)a | 21.0 (16.0) | 23.0 (19.0) | 0.10 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.8 ± 1.5 | 13.6 ± 1.4 | 0.58 |
| Anemia (%)b | 10.0 | 12.3 | 0.63 |
| Mean cell volume (fL) | 85.8 ± 8.11 | 85.3 ± 5.8 | 0.65 |
| Iron (µg/dL) | 91.9 ± 53.7 | 74.0 ± 29.0 | 0.003 |
| Transferrin (mg/dL) | 276.8 ± 56.3 | 287.3 ± 64.0 | 0.25 |
| Ferritin (ng/mL)a | 75.0 (134.0) | 68.0 (109.0) | 0.73 |
| Transferrin saturation (%)a | 22.0 (9.6) | 18.0 (9.3) | 0.002 |
| Iron deficiency (%)c | 22.9 | 36.9 | 0.041 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 4.4 ± 0.30 | 4.2 ± 0.41 | 0.003 |
| Low albumin (< 3.6 g/dL) | 1.4 | 7.7 | 0.06 |
| Vitamin B12 (pg/mL) | 425.6 ± 154.2 | 392.1 ± 163.7 | 0.16 |
| Vitamin B12 deficiency (< 200 pg/mL) (%) | 2.9 | 13.9 | 0.013 |
| 25 (OH) Vitamin D (ng/mL) | 16.8 ± 7.1 | 16.2 ± 7.8 | 0.59 |
| 25 (OH) Vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) (%) | 71.4 | 76.2 | 0.46 |
| Folate (ng/mL)a | 4.9 (2.6) | 3.3 (2.8) | < 0.001 |
| Folate deficiency (< 3.0 ng/mL) (%) | 15.7 | 43.1 | < 0.001 |
| Calcium (mmol/L) | 2.29 ± 0.11 | 2.29 ± 0.12 | 0.97 |
| Calcium corrected for albumin (mmol/L) | 2.25 ± 0.13 | 2.22 ± 0.11 | 0.049 |
| Low calcium corrected for albumin (< 2.12 mmol/L) (%) | 11.5 | 15.7 | 0.40 |
| Phosphate (mmol/L) | 1.0 ± 0.19 | 1.0 ± 0.18 | 0.71 |
| Low phosphate (< 0.81 mmol/L) (%) | 0 | 2.3 | 0.20 |
| Magnesium (mmol/L) | 0.81 ± 0.07 | 0.80 ± 0.06 | 0.27 |
| Sodium (mEq/L) | 141.8 ± 2.1 | 141.1 ± 2.7 | 0.06 |
| Potassium (mEq/L) | 4.3 ± 0.42 | 4.4 ± 0.41 | 0.39 |
| Number of micronutrient deficiencies (%) 0 | 22.9 | 11.5 | |
| 1 | 44.3 | 32.3 | |
| ≥ 2 | 32.9 | 56.2 | 0.005 |
aMann–Whitney test
bHemoglobin values < 12 g/dL (females), < 13.5 g/dL (males)
cTransferrin saturation < 15% (females), < 20% (males)
Statistically significant values are in bold (p < 0.05)