Table 1.
Characteristics of the Study Sample
| COPD Admissions |
CHF, DM, and MI Admissions |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Pre-COVID-19 | Post-COVID-19 | Pre- COVID-19 | Post- COVID-19 |
| No. of admissions | 3572 | 850 | 10,123 | 4042 |
| Age (years) | 55.3 ± 24.4 | 62.7 ± 16.5 | 64.4 ± 17.3 | 63.5 ± 17.8 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 1546 (43) | 381 (45) | 5792 (57) | 2369 (59) |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | ||||
| White | 1848 (52) | 457 (54) | 5330 (53) | 2148 (53) |
| Black | 1554 (44) | 369 (43) | 4285 (42) | 1674 (41) |
| Other race | 176 (5) | 24 (3) | 508 (5) | 220 (5) |
| Hispanic | 101 (3) | 19 (2) | 246 (2) | 112 (3) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, n (%) | ||||
| 0-3 | 2999 (84) | 684 (81) | 5663 (56) | 2299 (57) |
| 4 or more | 573 (16) | 166 (19.5) | 4460 (44) | 1743 (43) |
| Recurrent admissions, n (%) | 804 (23) | 209 (25) | 1996 (20) | 719 (18) |
| Morbidly obese, n (%) | 368 (10) | 101 (12) | 1319 (13) | 567 (14) |
| Tobacco use, n (%) | 1096 (31) | 311 (37) | 1951 (19) | 827 (21) |
| Alcohol-related disorder, n (%) | 199 (6) | 59 (7) | 423 (4) | 172 (4) |
| Social challenges, n (%) | 98 (3) | 41 (5) | 228 (2) | 152 (4) |
| Substance-related disorder, n (%) | 277 (8) | 85 (10) | 595 (6) | 232 (6) |
CHF = congestive heart failure; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DM = diabetes mellitus; MI = myocardial infarction.