Table 2.
Primary and Secondary Outcome Measures
| Pre-COVID-19 | Post-COVID-19 | Difference-in-Differences | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary outcome: weekly admissions | Incidence rate ratio (95% CI) | |||
| COPD admissions | 67.4 | 31.5 | 0.64 (0.57-0.71) | < .001 |
| CHF, DM, MI admissions | 191.0 | 149.7 | ||
| Secondary outcomes | ||||
| Weekly in-hospital mortality | Incidence rate ratio (95% CI) | |||
| COPD admissions | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.66 (0.20-2.13) | – |
| CHF, DM, MI admissions | 3.8 | 3.1 | ||
| Weekly intensive care unit admissions | Incidence rate ratio (95% CI) | |||
| COPD admissions | 3.2 | 2.7 | 1.01 (0.72-1.35) | – |
| CHF, DM, MI admissions | 38.9 | 31.3 | ||
| Median hospital length of stay (IQR) | Difference in median days (95% CI) | |||
| COPD admissions | 2 (1-3) | 2 (1-4) | 0.00 (−0.62-0.62) | – |
| CHF, DM, MI admissions | 3 (2-5) | 3 (2-5) |
CHF = congestive heart failure; CI = confidence interval; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; COVID-19 = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2019; DM = diabetes mellitus; IQR = interquartile range; MI = myocardial infarction.