Table 2.
Incidence Rate and Incidence Rate Ratio for In-Hospital Death Among COVID-19 and Non–COVID-19 Patients During the Pandemic
| Admission Month | Death, n (%) | Model 1, IR, % (95% CI) | Model 2, IR, % (95% CI) | Model 1, IRR (95% CI) | Model 2, IRR (95% CI) | Model 3, IRR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 | ||||||
| March (n = 195) | 54 (27.7) | 27.7 (0.216, 0.338) | 27.0 (0.209, 0.331) | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| April (n = 726) | 129 (17.8) | 18.0 (0.153, 0.207) | 17.1 (0.146, 0.196) | 0.62 (0.45, 0.86)∗ | 0.70 (0.51, 0.98)† | 0.71 (0.51, 0.99)† |
| May (n = 524) | 52 (9.9) | 9.7 (0.073, 0.122) | 9.9 (0.076, 0.121) | 0.31 (0.21, 0.46)‡ | 0.37 (0.25, 0.55)‡ | 0.39 (0.26, 0.58)‡ |
| June (n = 271) | 21 (7.7) | 7.7 (0.046, 0.108) | 7.7 (0.049, 0.104) | 0.25 (0.15, 0.41)‡ | 0.31 (0.18, 0.53)‡ | 0.32 (0.19, 0.55)‡ |
| July (n = 69) | 2 (2.9) | 3.4 (0.000, 0.080) | 1.9 (0.012, 0.026) | 0.11 (0.03, 0.45)∗ | 0.13 (0.03, 0.55)∗ | 0.14 (0.03, 0.58)∗ |
| P trend | <.001 | |||||
| Non–COVID-19 | ||||||
| March (n = 803) | 13 (1.6) | 1.6 (0.007, 0.024) | 1.3 (0.006, 0.020) | 13.3 (7.03, 25.0)‡ | 12.3 (6.44, 23.3)‡ | 11.7 (6.11, 22.3)‡ |
| April (n = 1095) | 26 (2.4) | 2.4 (0.015, 0.033) | 2.3 (0.015, 0.032) | 4.71 (3.07, 7.22)‡ | 4.23 (82.72, 6.56)‡ | 4.04 (2.60, 6.29)‡ |
| May (n = 1253) | 16 (1.3) | 1.3 (0.006, 0.019) | 1.2 (0.006, 0.018) | 4.48 (2.52, 7.97)‡ | 4.72 (82.63, 8.48)‡ | 4.91 (2.68, 9.01)‡ |
| June (n = 1610) | 22 (1.4) | 1.4 (0.008, 0.019) | 1.3 (0.008, 0.019) | 3.53 (1.90, 6.55)‡ | 3.79 (2.03, 7.09)‡ | 3.81 (1.92, 7.53)‡ |
| July (n = 1983) | 25 (1.3) | 1.3 (0.008, 0.018) | 1.3 (0.008, 0.018) | 2.51 (0.57, 11.0) | 2.28 (0.50, 10.5) | 2.61 (0.50, 13.7) |
| P trend | .13 |
Incidence rate (IR).
Model 1 standardized by age and sex.
Model 2 standardized by age and sex and vital signs [temperature, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse rate, and saturation].
COVID-19 patients, incidence rate ratio (IRR): each admission month vs March.
Non–COVID-19 patients: within each admission month, IRR: COVID-19 vs non–COVID-19.
Model 1 adjusted for age and sex and hospital.
Model 2 adjusted for age and sex and vital signs (temperature, SBP, DBP, pulse rate, and saturation) and hospital.
Model 3 adjusted for age and sex and vital signs (temperature, SBP, DBP, pulse rate and saturation), and medications [use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blocking agents, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, statins, LMWH, NOACs, warfarin, antiplatelets, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoids, and antibiotics] and hospital.
P < .01.
P < .05.
P < .001.