Supplementary Table 2.
Incidence Rates and Incidence Rate Ratios for In-Hospital Death by Sex, Age, and Initial Saturation
| Subgroups | Admission Date | Death, n (%) | Model 1, IR, % | Model 2, IR, % | Model 1, IRR (95% CI) | Model 2, IRR (95% CI) | Model 3, IRR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | |||||||
| March (n = 85) | 31 (36.5) | 34.5 | 31.7 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| April (n = 350) | 72 (20.6) | 20.9 | 19.7 | 0.61 (0.40, 0.94)∗ | 0.74 (0.48, 1.14) | 0.72 (0.46, 1.13) | |
| May (n = 247) | 25 (10.1) | 10.0 | 9.5 | 0.25 (0.15, 0.43)† | 0.30 (0.18, 0.52)† | 0.30 (0.17, 0.53)† | |
| June (n = 128) | 11 (8.6) | 8.6 | 8.7 | 0.21 (0.10, 0.43)† | 0.30 (0.15, 0.61)† | 0.28 (0.13, 0.60)† | |
| July (n = 36) | 1 (2.8) | 2.1 | 0.9 | 0.083 (0.01, 0.61)∗ | 0.11 (0.01, 0.78)∗ | 0.10 (0.01, 0.78)∗ | |
| P trend | <.001 | ||||||
| Female | |||||||
| March (n = 110) | 23 (20.9) | 21.6 | 22.8 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| April (n = 376) | 57 (15.2) | 15.4 | 14.8 | 0.64 (0.39, 1.05) | 0.66 (0.39, 1.09) | 0.69 (0.41, 1.15) | |
| May (n = 277) | 27 (9.7) | 9.5 | 10.2 | 0.40 (0.22, 0.70)‡ | 0.45 (0.25, 0.80)‡ | 0.52 (0.28, 0.94)∗ | |
| June (n = 143) | 10 (7.0) | 6.9 | 6.8 | 0.30 (0.14, 0.64)‡ | 0.33 (0.15, 0.70)‡ | 0.35 (0.16, 0.76)‡ | |
| July (n = 33) | 1 (3.0) | 4.5 | 2.9 | 0.15 (0.02, 1.14) | 0.18 (0.02, 1.31) | 0.18 (0.03, 1.39) | |
| P trend | .001 | ||||||
| Age <80 y | |||||||
| March (n = 71) | 14 (19.7) | 18.1 | 16.6 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| April (n = 291) | 24 (8.2) | 8.5 | 7.5 | 0.37 (0.19, 0.71)‡ | 0.44 (0.22, 0.90)∗ | 0.39 (0.18, 0.85)∗ | |
| May (n = 198) | 7 (3.5) | 3.7 | 3.6 | 0.13 (0.05, 0.34)† | 0.18 (0.07, 0.47)† | 0.20 (0.07, 0.57) ‡ | |
| June (n = 104) | 3 (2.9) | 2.9 | 2.6 | 0.14 (0.04, 0.50)‡ | 0.20 (0.06, 0.71)∗ | 0.20 (0.05, 0.74)∗ | |
| July (n = 24) | 0 (0.0) | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | |
| P trend | <.001 | ||||||
| Age 80-89 y | |||||||
| March (n = 83) | 26 (31.3) | 33.0 | 31.9 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| April (n = 260) | 58 (22.3) | 22.3 | 20.9 | 0.71 (0.44, 1.15) | 0.86 (0.53, 1.40) | 0.86 (0.52, 1.44) | |
| May (n = 181) | 19 (10.5) | 10.5 | 11.0 | 0.31 (0.17, 0.56)† | 0.40 (0.22, 0.74)‡ | 0.41 (0.21, 0.80)‡ | |
| June (n = 97) | 9 (9.3) | 9.3 | 9.6 | 0.26 (0.12, 0.58)† | 0.34 (0.16, 0.75)‡ | 0.36 (0.16, 0.82)∗ | |
| July (n = 35) | 1 (2.9) | 2.5 | 1.4 | 0.09 (0.01, 0.69)∗ | 0.13 (0.02, 0.94)∗ | 0.13 (0.02, 1.01) | |
| P trend | <.001 | ||||||
| Age ≥ 90 y | |||||||
| March (n = 41) | 14 (34.1) | 34.2 | 34.6 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| April (n = 175) | 47 (26.9) | 26.5 | 26.3 | 0.76 (0.41, 1.39) | 0.79 (0.43, 1.46) | 0.87 (0.46, 1.66) | |
| May (n = 145) | 26 (17.9) | 18.2 | 17.0 | 0.47 (0.24, 0.91)∗ | 0.53 (0.27, 1.02) | 0.61 (0.31, 1.22) | |
| June (n = 70) | 9 (12.9) | 13.0 | 12.7 | 0.34 (0.14, 0.80)∗ | 0.42 (0.17, 1.01) | 0.45 (0.18, 1.13) | |
| July (n = 10) | 1 (10.0) | 9.5 | 6.1 | 0.36 (0.05, 2.75) | 0.45 (0.06, 3.46) | 0.46 (0.06, 3.57) | |
| P trend | .02 | ||||||
| Saturation < 90% | |||||||
| March (n = 25) | 10 (40) | 34.1 | 27.1 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| April (n = 55) | 29 (53) | 51.4 | 52.9 | 1.45 (0.68, 3.08) | 1.46 (0.64, 3.32) | 1.40 (0.59, 3.30) | |
| May (n = 25) | 7 (28) | 20.1 | 19.3 | 0.54 (0.19, 1.51) | 0.54 (0.19, 1.58) | 0.45 (0.13, 1.54) | |
| June (n = 9) | 4 (44) | 21.7 | 19.6 | 1.15 (0.34, 3.90) | 1.46 (0.40, 5.24) | 1.10 (0.24, 5.03) | |
| July (n = 1) | 0 (0) | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | |
| P trend | .26 | ||||||
| Saturation ≥90% | |||||||
| March (n = 170) | 44 (25.9) | 26.2 | 27.0 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| April (n = 671) | 100 (14.9) | 15.2 | 14.7 | 0.51 (0.35, 0.73)† | 0.52 (0.36, 0.75)† | 0.54 (0.37, 0.79)‡ | |
| May (n = 499) | 45 (9.0) | 9.0 | 9.2 | 0.27 (0.18, 0.42)† | 0.28 (0.18, 0.43)† | 0.30 (0.19, 0.47)† | |
| June (n = 262) | 17 (6.5) | 6.3 | 6.8 | 0.21 (0.11, 0.37)† | 0.22 (0.12, 0.39)† | 0.23 (0.13, 0.43)† | |
| July (n = 68) | 2 (2.9) | 3.4 | 2.1 | 0.12 (0.03, 0.50)‡ | 0.12 (0.03, 0.50)‡ | 0.12 (0.03, 0.52)‡ | |
| P trend | <.001 | ||||||
Ref, referent.
Incidence rate (IR).
Model 1 standardized by age and sex.
Model 2 standardized by age and sex and vital signs [temperature, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse rate, and saturation].
Incidence rate ratio (IRR): each admission month vs March.
Model 1 adjusted for age and sex and hospital.
Model 2 adjusted for age and sex and vital signs (temperature, SBP, DBP, pulse rate, and saturation) and hospital.
Model 3 adjusted for age and sex and vital signs (temperature, SBP, DBP, pulse rate and saturation), and medications [use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blocking agents, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, statins, low-molecular-weight heparin, non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants, warfarin, antiplatelets, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoids, and antibiotics] and hospital.
P < .05.
P < .001.
P < .01.