Fig. 5.

Rutin reduces neuroinflammation in the brains of Tau-P301S mice. A GFAP immunostaining and Iba-1immunostaining in the brains of Tau-P301S mice and their WT littermates treated with rutin or vehicle (scale bar: black, 100 μm; red, 10 μm). B, C Quantification of GFAP (B) and Iba-1 (C) immunostaining in A. (n = 8 mice). D, E The levels of IL-1β (D) and TNF-α (E) in the brain lysates of Tau-P301S mice and their WT littermates were determined using corresponding ELISA kits. (n = 8 mice). F Western blot analysis of GFAP, Iba-1, and β-actin in the brain lysates of Tau-P301S mice and their WT littermates treated with rutin or vehicle. G Quantification of GFAP and Iba-1 in F. (n = 8 mice). H Western blot analysis of p-P65, total P65, IKKβ, and β-actin in the brain lysates of Tau-P301S mice and their WT littermates treated with rutin or vehicle. I Quantification of p-P65/P65 and IKKβ in H. (n = 8 mice). Data represent means ±SEM and were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test (B–E, G, I). **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001, ns, not significant