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. 2021 May 21;13(11):2540. doi: 10.3390/cancers13112540

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Visible 5-ALA fluorescence and patient prognosis in patients with low-grade gliomas. Kaplan–Meier curves demonstrate survival of patients showing visible intraoperative fluorescence (5-ALA +) compared to patients without any intratumoral fluorescence (5-ALA −). Tumor progression was defined as development of new lesions or increase of contrast-enhancement and/or increase of T2 or FLAIR lesion >25% on MRI or tumor-related death. Malignant transformation was defined as progression to anaplastic glioma (WHO III) or glioblastoma (WHO IV) at reoperation. Overall survival was calculated as time from initial surgery to patient’s death. A significantly shorter progression-free survival (2.3 ± 0.7 vs. 5.0 ± 0.4 years; p = 0.01; (A)), malignant transformation-free survival (3.9 ± 0.7 vs. 8.0 ± 0.6 years; p = 0.03; (B)), and overall survival (5.4 ± 1.0 vs. 10.3 ± 0.5 years; p = 0.01; (C)) was observed in patients with fluorescing LGG during surgery as compared to non-fluorescing tumors.