Table 3.
Operative Outcomes.
| Variables | N or Median | % or IQR |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of pulmonary resection | ||
| Sub-lobar resection | 5 | 11.4% |
| Lobectomy | 37 | 84.1% |
| Bi-lobectomy | 2 | 4.5% |
| Surgical approach | ||
| Thoracotomy | 2 | 4.5% |
| VATS | 37 | 84.1% |
| Conversion to thoracotomy | 5 | 11.4% |
| - Difficult to dissect lymph node | 3 | 6.8% |
| - Difficult to dissect pulmonary artery | 2 | 4.5% |
| Combined surgical procedure | 20 | 45.5% |
| Neck lymph node dissection | 7 | 15.9% |
| Abdominal lymph node dissection | 1 | 2.3% |
| Separate pulmonary wedge resection | 4 | 9.1% |
| En-bloc resection of adjacent lobe | 5 | 11.4% |
| Other procedure | 3 | 6.8% |
| Duration of surgery, min | 108.5 | 92.0–136.3 |
| Duration of anesthesia, min | 160.0 | 135.0–191.3 |
| Estimated blood loss, mL | ||
| Minimal (≤50) | 29 | 65.9% |
| 50–200 | 12 | 27.3% |
| >200 | 3 | 6.8% |
| Complete resection (surgical field) | ||
| R0 | 41 | 93.2% |
| R1 | 1 | 2.3% |
| R2 | 2 | 4.5% |
| Intensive care unit stay (duration) | 1 (1 day) | 2.3% |
| Chest tube duration, days | 4 | 3.0–5.3 |
| Postoperative hospital stays, days | 5 | 4.0–7.3 |
| Complication (all) | 15 | 34.1% |
| Prolonged air leak (>5 days) | 5 | 11.4% |
| Chyle leakage | 3 | 6.8% |
| Vocal cord palsies | 2 | 4.5% |
| Bronchopleural fistula | 1 | 2.3% |
| Acute kidney injury | 1 | 2.3% |
| Acute lung injury | 1 | 2.3% |
| Pneumonia | 1 | 2.3% |
| Pneumothorax | 1 | 2.3% |
| Complication (Clavien–Dindo > Gr 3) | 4 | 9.1% |
| Chyle leakage | 1 | 2.3% |
| Vocal cord palsies | 1 | 2.3% |
| Broncho-pleural fistula | 1 | 2.3% |
| Pneumothorax | 1 | 2.3% |
| In-hospital mortality | 0 | 0.0% |