Table 1. Detection of known mutations present in 23S rRNA, gyrA and gyrB genes in treatment-naïve patients infected with Helicobacter pylori.

Drug	Gene	Mutation point	Forward sequence	Reverse sequence	Frequency (%)
Clarithromycin	23S rRNA	A2147G (aka A2143G)			14.8% (9/61)
Levofloxacin	gyrA	D91N			3.3% (2/61)