Table 4.

Comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of four common features.

Features	Advantages	Disadvantages
Texture	Has high accuracy, strong adaptability, and robustness	Grey-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM takes a long time and does not meet the real-time processing requirements.
Shape	Independent of geometric translation, scaling, or rotation; robust to noise	Shapes are deformed by disease, insect eating, and man-made or mechanical damage and incomplete under overlap and occlusion.
Color	Insensitive to the adjustment of proportion, size, and position	Crops and weeds with similar color will fail; leaf lesions and plant seasonality will change color.
Spectral	Robust to partial occlusion	Spectral features vary in different growth stages of plants, are easily affected by the collection environment, and are unstable.