Table 3.
Corneal and visual outcomes among groups according to preoperative corneal ECD.
| Characteristics | Total | Group A | Group B | Group C | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participant number | 352 | 29 | 71 | 252 | |
| Postoperative HCEC status | |||||
| Cell density ± SD cell/mm2 | 1882 ± 691.8 | 675.4 ± 112.3 | 1063.5 ± 179.2 | 2251.5 ± 405.1 | <0.001 * |
| Cell variance ± SD | 37.5 ± 10.6 | 43.1 ± 13.1 | 39.5 ± 11.5 | 36.3 ± 9.7 | <0.001 * |
| Cell hexagonality ± SD | 59.2 ± 11.7 | 54.5 ± 15.3 | 56.0 ± 11.9 | 60.7 ± 10.9 | 0.001 * |
| CCT (μm) ± SD | 562.7± 33.9 | 558.8± 35.9 | 557.6± 36.1 | 551.5± 33.0 | 0.133 |
| a ECD change (%) ± SD | −18.2 ± 12.3 | −19.9 ± 5.4 | −28.9 ± 9.2 | −15.0 ± 12.0 | <0.001 * |
| b HCEC CV change | 3.3 ± 11.0 | 2.7 ± 13.2 | 3.1 ± 11.4 | 3.4 ± 10.7 | 0.941 |
| c HCEC hexa. change | −4.5 ± 11.1 | −3.9 ± 17.2 | −4.4 ± 10.5 | −4.7 ± 10.5 | 0.937 |
| CCT change (μm) | |||||
| Mean ± SD | 9.4 ± 17.7 | 13.8 ± 14.4 | 8.3 ± 17.5 | 9.2 ± 18.0 | 0.346 |
| First month postoperative logMAR change, Mean ± SD (n) | −0.58 ± 0.54 (327) | −0.54 ± 0.45 (28) | −0.52 ± 0.51 (66) | −0.60 ± 0.56 (234) | 0.557 |
* p-value < 0.05. CCT: central corneal thickness; CV: cell variance; ECD: endothelial cell density; hexa: hexagonality; logMAR: logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution. Group A: Patient preoperative endothelial cell density (ECD) below 1000 cells/mm2. Group B: Patient preoperative endothelial cell density (ECD) between 1000 and 2000 cells/mm2. Group C: Patient preoperative endothelial cell density (ECD) above 2000 cells/mm2. a ECD change (%) = (preoperative cell density − postoperative cell density)/preoperative cell density. b HCEC CV change = postoperation CV − preoperation CV. c HCEC hexa change = postoperation hexa − preoperation hexa.