| MPa | Mega Pascal |
| rpm | revolution per minute |
| Mm/min | millimeter per minute |
| FSP | Friction Stir Processing |
| FSW | Friction Stir Welding |
| SEM | Scanning Electron Microscopy |
| ON | Optical Microscopy |
| kN | kilo-Newton |
| te | Time of Exposure |
| ac | cross sectional area |
| ∆W | reduction in specimen weight |
| ρ | mass density |
| NaCl | sodium chloride |
| ASTM | American Society for Testing and Materials |
| G | Grams |
| UTM | Universal Testing Machine |
| CNC | Computer Numerical Control |
| ZrO2 | zirconia (or) zirconium dioxide |
| TIG | Tungsten Inert Gas |
| AMC | aluminum metal matrix composite |
| TiB2 | titanium diboride |
| BN | boron nitride |
| Al0.3CoCrCu0.3FeNi | a kind of high-entropy alloy |