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. 2021 May 24;10(11):2265. doi: 10.3390/jcm10112265

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Representative multimodal retinal images are shown for the 3 phenotypes. (A,B) Multimodal retinal imaging of the left eye in 2 patients with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is shown. Fundus photography reveals retinal degeneration with/without pigmentation around arcade vessels (A,B). Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) reveals a normal appearance at the macular and hypo-autofluorescence (AF) corresponding to retinal degeneration and pigmentation (A), and ring-shaped hyper-AF at the macular and hypo-AF at the nasal retina (B). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) reveals no abnormalities of the outer retinal layers, including the fovea, with the exception of the nasal and temporal retina (A,B). (C–E) Multimodal retinal imaging of the left eye of 3 patients with autosomal recessive (AR)-RP is shown. Fundus photography reveals retinal degeneration not only at peripheral retina, but also at the macular, even in a younger patient (C–E). FAF reveals diffuse hypo-AF, including the fovea, in an older patient (C,E) and hyper-AF at the macular with hypo-AF at the peripheral retina in a younger patient (D). OCT reveals a blurred ellipsoid zone (EZ) at the fovea and disruption of almost all outer retinal layers, including the EZ, at other areas in a younger patient (D) and disruption of almost all outer retinal layers, including the EZ at the macular in older patients (C,E). (F–H) Multimodal retinal imaging of the left eye of 3 patients with AR cone dystrophy/cone-rod dystrophy is shown. Fundus photography reveals macular atrophy with foveal sparing (F–H). Ultra-widefield FAF reveals normal-AF at the preserved area (white arrow), with hypo-AF in the surrounding area (F); hyper-AF at the preserved area (white arrow) with hypo-AF in the surrounding area (G); and normal-AF at the preserved area (white arrow) with hyper-AF in the surrounding area (H). OCT reveals relatively preserved outer retinal layers including EZ at preserved area (black arrowheads) and disruption of almost all outer retinal layers, corresponding with macular atrophy (F,G) and no abnormalities of the outer retinal layers (black arrowheads), including the fovea, and disruption of almost all outer retinal layers, corresponding with macular atrophy (H).