Table 4.
Mean scores of subjective and objective cognitive evaluations after adjusting for depression, anxiety, and fatigue (ANCOVA).
| Subjective and Objective Cognitive Assessments | Pre-C/T Cancer Patients (N = 68) |
Post-C/T Cancer Patients (N = 35) |
Non-Cancer Controls (N =30) |
ANCOVA † | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | p | η 2 | Post Hoc Tests ‡ | |
| Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Cognitive Scale (FACT-Cog) | 119.29 (10.67) | 119.26 (9.40) | 116.13 (16.25) | 0.006 | 0.077 | Pre-C/T > Control |
| Perceived Cognitive Impairment | 66.00 (6.48) | 66.29 (5.71) | 64.50 (9.70) | 0.031 | 0.054 | Pre-C/T > Control |
| Comments from Others | 15.71 (0.90) | 15.60 (0.78) | 15.27 (1.82) | 0.052 | 0.046 | |
| Perceived Cognitive Abilities | 22.21 (3.74) | 21.94 (3.43) | 21.30 (4.79) | 0.019 | 0.061 | Pre-C/T > Control |
| Impact of Perceived Cognitive Impairments on Quality of Life | 15.38 (1.99) | 15.43 (1.42) | 15.07 (2.16) | 0.058 | 0.044 | |
| Attention function | ||||||
| Digit Span | 11.31 (2.85) | 11.06 (3.42) | 12.01 (2.92) | 0.440 | 0.013 | |
| Color Trails Test 1 | 51.36 (19.93) | 48.80 (23.06) | 47.27 (19.05) | 0.623 | 0.007 | |
| Executive function | ||||||
| Semantic Association of Verbal Fluency | 38.99 (8.29) | 37.43 (8.76) | 44.43 (8.22) | 0.011 * | 0.070 | Control > pre-C/T Control > post-C/T |
| Orthographical Fluency Test | 17.79 (7.70) | 17.91 (7.72) | 20.44 (5.84) | 0.708 | 0.005 | |
| Color Trails Test 2 | 97.16 (34.24) | 97.80 (35.02) | 88.67 (29.77) | 0.697 | 0.006 | |
| Memory function | ||||||
| Word List—Total immediate recall | 9.96 (2.52) | 9.69 (2.81) | 10.93 (2.94) | 0.693 | 0.006 | |
| Word List—Long-delay recall | 10.57 (2.58) | 10.69 (2.53) | 10.97 (2.68) | 0.709 | 0.005 | |
| Word List—Recognition | 11.09 (2.42) | 11.43 (2.31) | 11.23 (2.21) | 0.504 | 0.011 | |
| Visuospatial construction | ||||||
| Block Design | 9.43 (2.94) | 8.74 (3.43) | 9.67 (3.20) | 0.086 | 0.038 | |
| Processing speed | ||||||
| Digit Symbol Substitution | 10.26 (2.72) | 10.40 (2.69) | 11.13 (2.93) | 0.975 | 0.000 | |
| Prospective memory | ||||||
| Event-based | 4.13 (1.24) | 3.89 (0.33) | 3.87 (0.43) | 0.115 | 0.034 | |
| Time-based | 3.34 (0.84) | 3.34 (0.80) | 3.53 (0.73) | 0.328 | 0.018 | |
Adjusted for IQ, anxiety, depression, and fatigue. ‡ Significant difference after Bonferroni correction; * p < 0.05.