5-HT	5-hydroxytryptamine
cAMP	Cyclic adenosine 3, 5’-monophosphate
CGRP	calcitonin gene-related peptide
CNS	central nervous system
CSD	cortical spreading depression
DpMe	deep mesencephalic nucleus
DRN	dorsal raphe nuclei
DRN	dorsal raphe nuclei
DSM-5	Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition
eVLPO	extended ventrolateral preoptic neurons in the hypothalamus
GABA	gamma-aminobutyric acid
ICD-10-CM	International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition, Clinical Modification
ICHD-3	International Classification of Headache Disorders
ICSD-3	International Classification for Sleep Disorders, 3rd Edition
LC	aminergic locus coeruleus neurons
LC	locus coeruleus
LDT	interneurons of the lateral dorsal tegmental
LDT	lateral dorsal tegmental nuclei neurons
MnPO	median preoptic nucleus
NO	nitric oxide
NOS	nitric oxide synthase
NREM	non-rapid eye movement
OSA	obstructive sleep apnea
OX1R	hypocretin receptor 1
OX2R	hypocretin receptor 2
PACAP	pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide
PB	parabrachial nucleus
PPT	pedunculopontine tegmental
PPT	pedunculopontine tegmental
PZ	parafacial zone
REM	rapid eye movement
RLS	rest leg syndrome
SLD	sublaterodorsal nucleus
TMN	tuberomammillary nucleus
VIP	vasoactive intestinal peptide
vlPAG	ventrolateral periaqueductal grey region
VLPO	ventrolateral preoptic neurons in the hypothalamus
VTA	ventrolateral tegmental nucleus