Table 3.

Examples for Type II collagen or collagen hydrolysate.

Source	Category	Method	Days	Purpose	Results
Not given [50]	Biomedical function	Not given	24 weeks	OA joint pain symptoms after hydrolysate ingestion for 24 weeks	OA athlete’s pain is significantly decreased
Articular bovine chondrocytes, collagen hydrolysate source is not given [60]	Bio-synthesis and culturing	Articular cartilage chondrocytes by enzymatic hydrolysis using pronase and collagenase. Collagen hydrolysate source is not given.	14, 28, 42 days	Culturing of hydrolysate in chondrocyte and agarose gel to enhance Type II collagen in engineered	Compressive properties, Type II collagen are improved.
Whale shark (WS) cartilage [71]	Novel Method and Source	Enzymatic (pepsin) and acid hydrolysis.		Whale shark is not extracted before with acid and pepsin hydrolysis.	High denaturation temperature, hydroxyproline, and protein content of pepsin soluble method as compared to acid hydrolysis.
Chicken sternum cartilage extract [72]	Novel Source	Not given	14 weeks	Using collagen II to reduce skin problems.	Reduction of wrinkles, inhibiting cell damage due to UV rays.
Chicken sternum cartilage [68]	Biomedical function	Not given	180 days
Type II from bovine cartilage [70]	Novel method	Acidic hydrolysis		A novel technique and material for orthopedic problems.	Better dispersion, mechanical properties.
Porcine [69]	Biomedical function	Not given	13 days	Low dosage effects of Type II on rat OA.	Less CTX-II, Better postural balance, Better motor activity.