Table 1.
Therapeutic agents targeting tumor microenvironment components/pathways in interventional phase 3 and 4 clinical trials currently active and recruiting or not yet recruiting. Data acquired from the USA National library of medicine (http://clinicaltrials.gov, accessed on 16 March 2021).
| Target | Drug Name | Cancer Type | Clinical Trial # | AA 1 vs. EA 2 Percentage (n) of Study Participants |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VEGF 3 | Bevacizumab | Non-small cell lung | NCT01107626 | 11.9% (180) vs. 84% (1273) |
| NCT00946712 | 8.8% (116) vs. 86.3% (1133) | |||
| NCT00324805 | 8.7% (131) vs. 86.7% (1302) | |||
| Neuroendocrine | NCT00569127 | 9.5% (38) vs. 83.6% (336) | ||
| Colon cancer | NCT00217737 | No data available | ||
| NCT00109070 | No data available | |||
| NCT02997228 | No data available | |||
| Urinary Tract | NCT00942331 | 3.6% (18) vs. 91.7% (464) | ||
| Ovarian, fallopian tube, Peritoneal | NCT01167712 | No data available | ||
| NCT01081262 | No data available | |||
| NCT00565851 | 4.2% (44) vs. 64.8% (682) | |||
| NCT00951496 | 3.3% (51) vs. 91.5% (1427) | |||
| Breast | NCT00109239 | No data available | ||
| NCT00028990 | No data available | |||
| NCT01663727 | No data available | |||
| NCT00433511 | 7.7% (386) vs. 49.5% (2473) | |||
| NCT00601900 | No data available | |||
| NCT00785291 | 14.1% (113) vs. 80.1% (640) | |||
| Aflibercept | Ovarian | NCT00327444 | 1.8% (1) vs. 74.5% (41) | |
| Zometa | Breast | NCT00524849 | No data available | |
| ZACTIMA | Non-small cell lung | NCT00312377 | No data available | |
| Regorafenib | Colorectal | NCT03564938 | No data available | |
| Fruquintinib | Colorectal and Colon | NCT04322539 | No data available | |
| Lenvatinib | Endometrial | NCT03517449 | No data available | |
| Cediranib | Ovarian | NCT03278717 | No data available | |
| IL-1β 4 | Canakinumab | Non-small cell lung | NCT03626545 | No data available |
| NCT03631199 | No data available | |||
| NCT03447769 | No data available | |||
| anti- PDL1 5 | Atezolizumab | Triple negative Breast | NCT03498716 | No data available |
| NCT03125902 | 4.8% (31) vs. 57.5% (374) | |||
| NCT02425891 | No data available | |||
| NCT03498716 | No data available | |||
| NCT03371017 | No data available | |||
| NCT03197935 | No data available | |||
| NCT04177108 | No data available | |||
| HER2 positive breast | NCT04740918 | No data available | ||
| NCT03726879 | No data available | |||
| NCT03199885 | No data available | |||
| metastatic castration-resistant prostate | NCT03016312 | No data available | ||
| NCT04446117 | No data available | |||
| Non-small cell lung | NCT04513925 | No data available | ||
| NCT02657434 | 1% (6) vs. 68.5% (396) | |||
| NCT02409342 | 0.7% (4) vs. 83.7% (479) | |||
| NCT04471428 | No data available | |||
| NCT03456063 | No data available | |||
| NCT03178552 | No data available | |||
| Small cell lung | NCT04256421 | No data available | ||
| NCT02763579 | 0.7% (3) vs. 79.9% (322) | |||
| NCT03811002 | No data available | |||
| Lung | NCT02486718 | No data available | ||
| Renal cell carcinoma | NCT04338269 | No data available | ||
| NCT02420821 | 0.5% (5) vs. 72.1% (660) | |||
| Ovarian, fallopian tube, Peritoneal | NCT03038100 | No data available | ||
| Bladder | NCT03775265 | No data available | ||
| Colon | NCT02912559 | No data available | ||
| Urothelial Carcinoma | NCT02807636 | No data available | ||
| Immunotherapy (Macrophages) | Sipuleucel-T | Prostate Adenocarcinoma | NCT03686683 | No data available |
1 AA-African Americans, 2 EA-European Americans. 3 VEGF-Vascular endothelial growth factor, 4 IL1β-interleukin 1 beta, 5 PDL1- Programmed cell death ligand 1.