Table 2.

Age- and gender differences in DKD prevalence, incidence and progression in T1DM and T2DM participants in AMD Annals Initiative.

T1DM
	Prevalence	Incidence 5 years	4 years Progression eGFR<60 mL/min or >30% reduction
Male Sex	DKD 1.01 (0.91–1.11) p = 0.901 Low eGFR 0.64 (0.55–0.74) p < 0.001 MAU 1.26 (1.14–1.40) p < 0.001	DKD 1.01 (0.81–1.27) p = 0.913 Low eGFR 0.96 (0.59–1.56) p = 0.873 MAU 1.04 (0.82–1.32) p = 0.760	0.59 (0.46–0.76) p < 0.001
Age	By 10 year DKD 1.15 (1.10–1.19) p < 0.001 Low eGFR 1.85 (1.74–1.96) p < 0.001 MAU 0.93 (0.89–0.87) p < 0.001	By 10 year DKD 1.07 (0.96–1.18) p = 0.203 Low eGFR 1.95 (1.57–2.43) p < 0.001 MAU 0.93 (0.84–1.04) p = 0.227	By 10 year 1.46 (1.30–1.63) p < 0.001
T2DM
	Prevalence	Incidence 5 years	4 years Progression eGFR <60 mL/min or >30% reduction
Male Sex	Low eGFR 0.69 (0.64–0.73) MAU 1.89 (1.81–1.98) Both 1.52 (1.42–1.63)	Low eGFR 1.373 (1.326–1.422) p < 0.001 MAU 1.075 (1.033–1.118) p < 0.001 Both 1.381 (1.306–1.460) p < 0.001	In subjects with DM and hypertension 0.78 (0.72–0.86) p < 0.001
Age	By 1 year Low eGFR 1.12 (1.11–1.12) MAU 1.01 (1.01–1.01) Both 1.12 (1.12–1.13)	By 10 year Low eGFR 0.767 (0.681–0.864) p < 0.001 MAU 1.355 (1.220–1.504) p < 0.001 Both 1.090 (0.926–1.283) p = 0.30	By 10 year 1.49 (1.41–1.58) p < 0.001

Abbreviations: DKD, diabetic kidney disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; MAU, microalbuminuria.