Figure 5.

Effects of PEP-1-GLRX1 on MPP⁺-induced MAPKs and NF-κB activation in SH-SY5Y cells. The cells were treated with PEP-1-GLRX1 or GLRX1 (3 μM) for 1 h before being exposed to MPP⁺ (5 mM). MAPK (A) and NF-κB (B) activation was analyzed by Western blotting. Band intensity was measured by densitometer. **p < 0.01, compared with MPP⁺ treated cells. The bars in the figure represent the mean ± SEM obtained from three independent experiments.