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. 2021 May 27;22(11):5723. doi: 10.3390/ijms22115723

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Morphological characterization of citrus leaf abscission and hormone quantification. (a) Phenotypic characteristics of clementine mandarin leaves at stage 1 (before abscission). (b–d) Phenotypic characteristics of trifoliate orange leaves at stage 1 (b), stage 2 (c), and stage 3 (d). Stage 1: before abscission; stage 2: beginning of abscission; stage 3: after abscission. (e–h) Detailed characteristics of trifoliate orange leaf abscission zone at stage 1 (f), stage 2 (g), and stage 3 (h). (i) Cellular morphology of clementine mandarin leaf abscission zone at stage 1. (j–l) Cellular morphology of trifoliate orange leaf abscission zone at stage 1 (j), stage 2 (k), and stage 3 (petiole side, l), respectively. (m) Cellular morphology of clementine mandarin leaf abscission zone (petiole side) after forcible separation. (n) Changes in ABA content (ng/g fresh weight) in leaf abscission zone of trifoliate orange. (o) Changes in ethylene (μL/g/h) in the leaf abscission zone of trifoliate orange. leaf blade side: LBS; petiole side: PS. The white arrow indicates location of the abscission zone. Asterisks indicate significant differences: ** p < 0.01.