Table 1.

Summary of human tumor viruses.

Variable	HPV	HBV	HCV	EBV	KSHV	MCV	HTLV-1
Full Name/ synonym	Human Papilloma Virus	Hepatitis B Virus	Hepatitis C Virus	Epstein–Barr Virus/ HHV-4	Kaposi Sarcoma Herpes Virus/HHV-8	Merkel Cell Polyoma Virus	Human T-cell Lymphotrophic Virus, type-1
Family	Papillomaviridae	Hepadnaviridae	Flaviviridae	Herpesviridae	Herpesviridae	Polyomaviridae	Retroviridae
Baltimore System 1	Class I	Class VII	Class IV	Class I	Class I	Class I	Class VI
Virus Genome	dsDNA	ss/dsDNA	+ssRNA	lineardsDNA	circulardsDNA	dsDNA	+RNA
Genome Size	8 kbp	3 kb/kbp	9.5–12.5 kb	170 kbp	170 kbp	5.4 kbp	9 kbp
Virion Size	52–60 nm	52–55 nm	40–60 nm	200 nm	100–150 nm	40–55 nm	100 nm
Envelope	Absent	Present	Present	Present	Present	Absent	Present
Capsid	Icosahedral	Icosahedral	Icosahedral	Icosahedral	Icosahedral	Icosahedral	Icosahedral
Vaccination	Accessible	Accessible	Inaccessible	Inaccessible	Inaccessible	Inaccessible	Inaccessible
Anti-viral treatment	Not established	Effective	Effective	Occasionally Effective	Not established	Not established	Not established
Diagnostic molecule	p16	HBs antigen	anti-HCV antibody	EBER	LANA	CM2B4	ATLA

¹ The details of Baltimore system are found in refs. [13,14]. Abbreviations: ATLA, anti-adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma antibody; ds, double strands; EBER, EBV-encoded small RNA; LANA, Latency-associated nuclear antigen; ss, single strand; +, positive sense.